Molecular genotyping of Indian blood group antigens amongst regular voluntary blood donors of Surat city, Gujarat, India

Abstract

BackgroundThere is paucity of data related to the prevalence of the rare blood group antigens amongst South Gujarat blood donor population due to unavailability and high cost of antisera. Therefore it is difficult to screen donors for such rare antigens by gold standard haemagglutination assay. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of Ina and Inb antigens is the base of the PCR based detection methods that help to detect these alleles in regular voluntary blood donors. Materials & methodsBlood samples of 200 unrelated regular voluntary blood donors wee collected. DNA was extracted using phenol-chloroform method and genotyped for Indian (Ina/IN*01, Inb/IN*02) blood group alleles by Sequence Specific PCR. Ina antigen positivity was confirmed by serology test. ResultsFour donors were found heterozygous for Ina antigen i.e. In (a + b+) by SS-PCR and their Ina positivity were confirmed by in-house polyclonal Anti-Ina reagent. SS-PCR was standardized using known heterozygous sample of a blood donor. The frequency of Ina antigen (2.0 %) was higher than Caucasians, lower than Iranians and Arabs while comparable to those reported among Indians of Mumbai city. ConclusionIn absence or unavailability of antisera particularly for low frequency alleles like Ina, such PCR based method would be extremely helpful to prepare rare donor registry by screening blood donors’ at large scale. Red cells of Ina positive donors can be used as in-house reagent red cells for screening and identification of corresponding antibody.