Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) and Duffy-negative blood group are two red blood cells variants that confer protection against malaria. In this study, the distribution of the most common G6PD variants (G6PD*A-, GGPD*A and G6PD Mediterranean) and the major alleles of the Duffy blood group (FY*A, FY*B and FY*B ES) were investigated in an Afro-descendant population from state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. G6PD variants and Duffy blood group alleles were determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Overall, molecular genotyping revealed the presence of G6PD variants in 126 (24%) of the individuals studied (5% male and 19% female), and frequencies of the G6PD*A- and G6PD*A alleles were 0.061 and 0.104, respectively. Duffy blood group genotyping showed that 24.3% of people were Duffy-negative and 41.3% were heterozygous for FY*B ES. The frequency of allele FY*B ES was 41.0%. The results emphasize the need to monitor G6PD deficiency for the use of primaquine in the routine care of the Afro-descendant communities of the Trombetas, Erepecuru and Cumná rivers, evaluating the risks of hemolytic crisis in case of recurrence of malaria in the region. In addition, the possible greater protection against malaria conferred by these erythrocyte polymorphisms deserves to be better investigated and explored among these Afro-descendants.
Highlights
Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDd) and Duffy-negative blood group are two red blood cells variants that exhibit pattern of population distribution strongly influenced by natural selection by malaria
G6PDd is primarily associated with protection against falciparum malaria (Ruwende et al, 1995), but a protective effect of G6PDd has been shown against malaria episodes caused by Plasmodium vivax (Leslie et al, 2010, Santana et al, 2013)
Malarial drugs in G6PDd individuals is of major public health importance
Summary
Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDd) and Duffy-negative blood group are two red blood cells variants that exhibit pattern of population distribution strongly influenced by natural selection by malaria. The distribution of the most common variants of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PD*A(G202A and A376G alleles), G6PD*A (A376G allele) and G6PD*Med (C563T allele), and the major alleles of the blood system Duffy (FY*A, FY*B and FY*BES), RBC variants that confer protection against malaria, were investigated in Afro-descendant communities along the Trombetas, Erepecuru and Cuminá rivers, in the rural area of the municipality of Oriximiná, in the northeast of the state of Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon.
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