Abstract
Arsenic (As) poisoning is widespread due to exposure to pollution. The toxic level of (As) causes oxidative stress-induced aging and tissue damage. Since melatonin (MLT) has anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties, we aimed to evaluate the protective effect of MLT against the toxicity of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2). Healthy male NMRI mice were divided into eight different groups. The control group received a standard regular diet. Other groups were treated with varying diets, including MLT alone, NaAsO2, and NaAsO2 plus MLT. After one month of treatment, biochemical and pathological tests were performed on blood, heart, and lung tissue samples. NaAsO2 increased the levels of TNF-α, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), increased the expression of TNF receptor type 1-associated death domain (TRADD) mRNA and telomerase reverse transcriptase, and decreased the expression of Klotho (KL) mRNA in both plasma and tissues. In contrast, MLT reduced MDA, ROS, HMGB1, lactate, and TNF-α enhanced the mRNA expression of KL, and suppressed the mRNA expression of the TERT and TRADD genes. Thus, MLT confers potent protection against NaAsO2- induced tissue injury and oxidative stress.
Highlights
Arsenic is a metalloid and the number one toxin on the United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency (USEPA) list of prioritized contaminants [1]
This study aims to evaluate whether MLT treatment protects the heart and lung tissues against oxidative stress-induced aging triggered by sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) as a potential protective effect of MLT against arsenic-induced aging in these tissues has not yet been explored
The total As tissue concentration was found to be increased in both heart and lung tissue in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group
Summary
Arsenic is a metalloid and the number one toxin on the United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency (USEPA) list of prioritized contaminants [1]. Its concentration in drinking water of more than 50 μg/L is not considered safe for public health, but such levels are still common in many countries [1]. It has been detected in several cosmetics, skin, face, hair, and herbal products. Mutagenic, and genotoxic because it causes oxidative DNA damage, reduces anti-oxidant enzymes, and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) [5]. Arsenic reduces telomerase expression and telomere length, causing apoptosis, necrosis, and the generation of ROS, and induces cell death [8]
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