Abstract
BackgroundAmblyomma ticks parasitize a wide range of animals in tropical regions. This study describes the identification of Amblyomma ticks from wild snakes in Malaysia and the detection of potential human pathogens such as Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and bartonellae in the ticks.FindingsTwenty one adult ticks (twelve A. varanense and nine Amblyomma helvolum ticks) identified from seven Python molurus snakes in Sepang and a pool of six A. helvolum ticks from a Naja sumatrana snake in Johore, Malaysia were investigated in this study. Amplification of the citrate synthase (gltA), 190-kDa surface antigen gene (ompA), 135-kDa surface antigen (ompB) and surface cell antigen (sca4) genes followed by sequence analysis confirmed the presence of two potential novel spotted fever group rickettsiae in the ticks. Candidatus Rickettsia sepangensis from an engorged A. varanense tick demonstrated high sequence similarity to Rickettsia tamurae; while Candidatus Rickettsia johorensis from two samples (individual and pooled) of A. helvolum and two A. varanense ticks were closely related to Rickettsia raoultii. Anaplasma and Ehrlichia DNA were detected from seven and two ticks, respectively. No bartonellae was detected from any of the ticks.ConclusionThe finding in this study suggests that Amblyomma ticks parasitizing wild snakes may serve as reservoir hosts and carriers for rickettsioses, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in this region.
Highlights
Amblyomma ticks parasitize a wide range of animals in tropical regions
The finding in this study suggests that Amblyomma ticks parasitizing wild snakes may serve as reservoir hosts and carriers for rickettsioses, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in this region
The ticks belonging to the genus Amblyomma have been implicated as a carrier for several pathogenic rickettsiae including Rickettsia rickettsii, R. aeschlimannii, R. raoultii, and R. tamurae [1], Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and
Summary
Amblyomma ticks parasitize a wide range of animals in tropical regions. This study describes the identification of Amblyomma ticks from wild snakes in Malaysia and the detection of potential human pathogens such as Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and bartonellae in the ticks. Ticks and a wide range of animals may act as reservoirs or amplifiers for human pathogens such as spotted fever group rickettsiae, anaplasma, ehrlichiae and bartonellae. Cloned PCR2.1-TOPO T/A plasmids (Invitrogen, USA) with amplified gltA fragment from R. honei (strain TT118), ompA and ompB fragments from rickettsial endosymbionts (98% similarity to R. heilongjiangensis and R. raoultii, respectively) of tick samples were used as positive controls.
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