Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of foot and mouth disease virus type ‘O’ and evaluation of its carrier state in cattle of Assam by Real time PCR

Abstract

The molecular epidemiological study of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has been carried out from different outbreaks in Assam the present study is based on the nucleotide sequencingof circulating FMDV serotype. The samples were subjected to sandwich ELISA, multiplex-PCR and molecular phylogeny to identify the type species. The phylogenetic analysis of virus sequence revealed similarity with theBangladesh isolates in the major branching pattern. The serotype ‘O’has found to be dominant and responsible for most of the recentoutbreaks.Thepersistence of serotype ‘O’ and cytokines expression of IL-1á, IL-1â, IFN-á, TNF-á in blood of recovered animals were done by Real time PCR. The findings indicated that IL-1á, IFN-á and TNF-á genes were up-regulated upto 3 months post infection but IL-1â found to be down regulated with progression of recovery. The present study thus supports that real-time PCR is a powerful technique for reliable detection of persistent FMDV in recovered animals.