Abstract
Modern molecular electronic transfer (MET) angular motion sensors combine high technical characteristics with low cost. Self-noise is one of the key characteristics which determine applications for MET sensors. However, until the present there has not been a model describing the sensor noise in the complete operating frequency range. The present work reports the results of an experimental study of the self-noise level of such sensors in the frequency range of 0.01–200 Hz. Based on the experimental data, a theoretical model is developed. According to the model, self-noise is conditioned by thermal hydrodynamic fluctuations of the operating fluid flow in the frequency range of 0.01–2 Hz. At the frequency range of 2–100 Hz, the noise power spectral density has a specific inversely proportional dependence of the power spectral density on the frequency that could be attributed to convective processes. In the high frequency range of 100–200 Hz, the noise is conditioned by the voltage noise of the electronics module input stage operational amplifiers and is heavily reliant to the sensor electrical impedance. The presented results allow a deeper understanding of the molecular electronic sensor noise nature to suggest the ways to reduce it.
Highlights
There is a wide range of potential demand for compact, economical, low-noise sensors capable to measuring tiny vibrations of the objects to which the sensors are fixed
The advantage of modern molecular electronic angular motion sensors is their combination of high quality characteristics, especially a low level of self-noise, combined with low manufacturing cost, reliability and small size [5]
In accordance with [11], molecular-electronic transfer (MET) sensor self-noise is on the order of 10−7 rad/s/√Hz rms in the bandwidth near 1 Hz, which is 100 times lower than the same values in modern MEMS and Fiber Optics Gyros (FOGs) that have the same basic level near 10−5 rad/s/ √Hz
Summary
There is a wide range of potential demand for compact, economical, low-noise sensors capable to measuring tiny vibrations of the objects to which the sensors are fixed. The main application areas are seismology and seismic exploration, where angular motion sensors based on a number of operating principles are being actively introduced. One of the most significant technical parameters of all kinds of vibration sensors is their self-noise level This value influences the accuracy of measurements, especially the ability to resolve tiny signals. In accordance with [11], MET sensor self-noise is on the order of 10−7 rad/s/√Hz rms in the bandwidth near 1 Hz, which is 100 times lower than the same values in modern MEMS and Fiber Optics Gyros (FOGs) that have the same basic level near 10−5 rad/s/ √Hz. On the other hand, MET sensors have additional advantages in size, power consumption and price. These facts set an attractive background for further comprehensive study of MET sensors and their applications in a wide variety of areas
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