Abstract
Droplets impinging on solid surfaces is a common phenomenon. However, the motion of surfaces remarkably influences the dynamical behaviors of droplets, and related research is scarce. Dynamical behaviors of water nanodroplets impinging on translation and vibrating solid copper surfaces were investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The dynamical characteristics of water nanodroplets with various Weber numbers were studied at five translation velocities, four vibration amplitudes, and five vibration periods of the surface. The results show that when water nanodroplets impinge on translation surfaces, water molecules not only move along the surfaces but also rotate around the centroid of the water nanodroplet at the relative sliding stage. Water nanodroplets spread twice in the direction perpendicular to the relative sliding under a higher surface translation velocity. Additionally, a formula for water nanodroplets velocity in the translation direction was developed. Water nanodroplets with a larger Weber number experience a heavier friction force. For cases wherein water nanodroplets impinge on vibration surfaces, the increase in amplitudes impedes the spread of water nanodroplets, while the vibration periods promote it. Moreover, the short-period vibration makes water nanodroplets bounce off the surface.
Highlights
Droplets impinging on solid surfaces are pervasive in nature and industrial production, such as pesticide spraying [1], spray cooling, and inkjet printing [2,3]
Wang et al investigated water droplets impinging on pillar-arrayed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces with different solid fractions and suggested that the lower and upper limits of the Weber number (We) for the complete rebound of droplets decreased with solid fractions [11]
Since the solid surface is frozen in the simulation, the parameters of copper atoms are mainly used to calculate the interaction between copper and oxygen through Lorentz–Berthelot mix rules that are shown in Equations (2) and (3)
Summary
Droplets impinging on solid surfaces are pervasive in nature and industrial production, such as pesticide spraying [1], spray cooling, and inkjet printing [2,3]. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 247 moving surface and developed a model predicting the shape of the lamella They discussed the effect of surface wettability on droplets in the retraction process [14]. Kwon et al presented the dynamical behaviors of a water nanodroplet impinging on a stepped surface with different wetting gradients and step heights [22]. They found three phenomena: fully climbing the step, partially climbing the step, and being blocked by the step, which relied on the normalized step height. The dynamical behaviors of water nanodroplets impinging on translation and vibration surfaces are investigated through MD simulations, respectively. The effects of parameters related to translation and vibration on the dynamical behaviors are explored
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