Abstract
The accumulation of UV exposure resulted in the loss of skin elasticity, and the appearance of wrinkles on the skin is commonly known as photoaging. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is an enzyme that degrades type I and III fibrillar collagen. This study aims to determine the mechanism of MMP-1 inhibition by lutein, a carotenoid compound with high antioxidant activity, using in silico molecular docking. This study was conducted by optimization of lutein structure using HyperChem 8, preparation of MMP-1 (PDB ID: 966C) using Chimera 1.10.1, validation of the method, and docking lutein against MMP-1 using Autodock 4.2. The results showed lutein had binding energy of -12.28 kcal/mol, lower than RS2 native ligand (-10.83 kcal/mol). The hydrogen bond formed between lutein and MMP-1 through HIS228 residue. To conclude, lutein may be developed as an anti-photoaging agent by inhibiting the MMP-1.
Highlights
Excessive sunlight can damage the skin’s epidermal tissue, causing the loss of skin elasticity and the appearance of wrinkles as a marker of photo-aging on the skin [1]
Our results showed that lutein has an affinity for the Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) with binding energy -12.28 kcal/mol, lower than RS2 native ligand of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs)-1 protein (-10.83 kcal/mol)
The in silico study of astaxanthin derived from radio-resistant bacterium Deinococcus sp. strain WMA-LM9 showed that this carotenoid had a high binding affinity to MMP-1 protein with a binding energy of -10.5 kcal/mol [11]
Summary
Excessive sunlight can damage the skin’s epidermal tissue, causing the loss of skin elasticity and the appearance of wrinkles as a marker of photo-aging on the skin [1]. Wrinkles on the skin are one of the characteristics of decreased skin cell function due to proteolytic extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation [2]. ECM plays a role in forming the outermost part of the skin, consisting of fibroblasts and proteins such as collagen. Collagen degradation is regulated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs). Increased MMP activity is an essential factor contributing to age-related changes in the skin. The MMP in the dermis is responsible for the activity of the ECM collagen fiber network.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
