Abstract
In 1974, molecular electronics pioneers Mark Ratner and Arieh Aviram predicted that a single molecule could act as a diode, in which electronic current can be rectified. The electronic rectification property of the diode is one of basic functions of electronic components and since then, the molecular diode has been investigated as a first single-molecule device that would have a practical application. In this review, we first describe the experimental fabrication and electronic characterization techniques of molecular diodes consisting of a small number of molecules or a single molecule. Then, two main mechanisms of the rectification property of the molecular diode are discussed. Finally, representative results for the molecular diode are reviewed and a brief outlook on crucial issues that need to be addressed in future research is discussed.
Highlights
The diode is one of the basic components of electric devices
Rectification of electronic current was first achieved in a vacuum diode, later in junctions where a p-type semiconductor is contacted with an n-type semiconductor [1]
Of the molecular junctions and the measurement technique of the rectification properties of the we firstly describe the fabrication technique of the molecular junctions and the measurement technique molecular diodes consisting of the small number of molecules or a single molecule, and secondly the of the rectification properties of the molecular diodes consisting of the small number of molecules or mechanisms of the rectification properties
Summary
The diode is one of the basic components of electric devices. The diode acts as a rectifier, permitting electronic current to flow only in one direction. An electronic rectification ratio of 1000 has been achieved for a molecular junction that is intensively investigated. Around the year 2000, single-molecule measurement techniques were developed by properties of the molecular junctions have been investigated on the single-molecule scale using these several groups [14,15,16]. The rectification properties of the molecular junctions have been investigated single-molecule measurement techniques. Representative works on the molecular diode are a single molecule, and secondly the mechanisms of the rectification properties. I–V characteristics (TCNQ) and the donor tetrathiofulvalene (TTF) are connected by a triple methylene bridge; (b) I–V of a rectifier molecule connected to connected two metal to electrodes [11]. Characteristics of a rectifier molecule two metal electrodes [11]
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