Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency, sensitivity and reliability of the MEAT 5.0 LCD-Array and innuDETECT Assay detection kits in identifying selected animal species. Samples were taken from the femoral muscles of six animal species (turkey, chicken, cattle, pig, sheep and goat), and six variants of binary meat mixtures were analysed at 18 different concentration levels of addition. The MEAT 5.0 LCD-Array test was able to detect 0.1% of other meat additions in two meat mixtures and 0.5% in four meat mixtures. The innuDETECT Assays were able to detect the addition of 0.1% of other meat in three meat mixtures, 0.5% in two mixtures and 1% in one meat mixture. Subsequently, these methods were applied in practice to 136 samples of various products taken from commercial food networks. By performing extensive monitoring, we identified 60 products in which one to three species were detected besides what was present on the product label. Nine products were contaminated with pig DNA. Two products that the MEAT 5.0 LCD-Array kit identified as positive for the presence of pig DNA were not confirmed by the innuDETECT Pork Assay kit. We recommend these methods of analysis to comprehensively monitor the presence of animal species in food samples, regardless of the degree of heat treatment or mechanical processing, as a tool to detect food adulteration.
Highlights
Meat adulteration cases and related traceability problems have garnered much more attention due to customer requirements and administrative responsibility
Samples were taken from the femoral muscles of six animal species, and six variants of binary meat mixtures were analysed at 18 different concentration levels of addition
In order to evaluate the specificity of the MEAT 5.0 LCD-Array kit and to verify the absence of potential cross-reactivity, pure meat samples for the species were first analysed
Summary
Meat adulteration cases and related traceability problems have garnered much more attention due to customer requirements and administrative responsibility. It is important to develop efficient systems and methods with high sensitivity for rapid detection and identification of specific sources of meat samples (Xu et al 2018). The use of a DNA microarray is an alternative genetic approach to simultaneous detection of various plant and animal species as well as bacteria present in a sample of interest. It offers several advantages, the identification of unreported and unknown animal species present in the meat sample that were introduced by unintentional contamination or deliberate adulteration of meat products (Kemp et al 2005; Azuka et al 2011). The aim of this study was to compare DNA-based methods (MEAT 5.0 LCD-Array kit and the innuDETECT Pork Assay kit) of identifying animal species and apply them to various products obtained from markets
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