Abstract
The current study was conducted to isolate and identify multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDR-SA) from mastitis milk samples and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. A total of 48 bovine mastitis (BM) milk samples were collected from different parts of the Rangpur division, Bangladesh. After the collection of milk samples, mastitis was confirmed using the California mastitis test. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus were performed using conventional cultural and biochemical tests as well as using molecular methods of PCR. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 23S rRNA gene of Staphylococcus aureus was determined. The antibiogram of the isolated bacteria was conducted using the disc diffusion method. Phylogenetic analysis of 23S rRNA was done using MEGA 7, ClustalW multiple sequence alignment, and NCBI-BLAST tools, where the sequence of the isolate showed 98% to 99% identity. Antibiogram test using 15 antimicrobial agents showed that all of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). It was found that the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, novobiocin, methicillin, vancomycin, and cephradine, and the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin. The detection of MDR-SA in mastitis milk is alarming and represents a great public health concern. The findings of the present study help identify Staphylococcus aureus at the molecular level using 23S rRNA gene sequencing and will help select the appropriate and effective antimicrobial agent to control BM in the northern part of Bangladesh.
Highlights
Bovine mastitis (BM) is an extremely common and genuine risk to the dairy industry throughout the world
The findings of the current study showed that the prevalence of S. aureus in mastitis milk samples was 100% (n = 48)
Levofloxacin (26 mm) and ciprofloxacin (29 mm) demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity based on the zones of inhibition, which may be recommended for use to treat BM in the Rangpur division of Bangladesh
Summary
Bovine mastitis (BM) is an extremely common and genuine risk to the dairy industry throughout the world. BM is difficult to control due to the multifactorial nature of the disease, of which. Staphylococcus spp. is notoriously involved [1]. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a potential pathogen that is responsible for intramammary infections and decreases the health status of cows, leading to. 2020, 7, 36 huge economic losses [2]. It is the leading pathogen that frequently appears in BM, its identification is comparatively costly [3]. Costs related to the treatment of mastitis dairy livestock are more than one million dollars in the USA [4,5,6].
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