Abstract
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Avian influenza virus (AIV) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) have been recognized as the most important pathogens in poultry cause acute respiratory infection and serous economic problems in Iraq and many other countries all over the world. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of these diseases in commercial chicken flocks in different geographical region in middle part of Iraq by using qPCR. Tracheal swabs and tissue specimens from trachea, lung and kidney were taken from 38 different cases from commercial broiler chicken flocks in (Najaf, Hilla, Muthana and Theqaar governorates) in the period from November 2010 to June 2011, all these flocks were showed respiratory symptoms and mortality about 20-90%. The results showed that 92.1% of samples collected from these flocks were infected with IBV, 20% of samples were infected with IB alone and 45.71% of samples with IB combined with both GM and AIV subtype H9 and 25.71% of samples were positive to both IBV and AIV(H9). No samples were positive to AIV (H9) or MG alone. Because of importance of respiratory diseases as a most common conditions noted in commercial flocks in Iraq and no previous study detecting this pathogens by molecular techniques, this study come to detect and confirm the diagnosis of this pathogens by qPCR as new technique used in this field in Iraq.
Highlights
IntroductionThe etiology of respiratory disease in chicken is complex, often involving more than one pathogen at the same time, including avian pneumovirus (APV), avian influenza virus (AIV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), and these respiratory pathogens are of major importance because they can cause disease independently or association with other bacterial or viral agents [1]
The etiology of respiratory disease in chicken is complex, often involving more than one pathogen at the same time, including avian pneumovirus (APV), avian influenza virus (AIV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), and these respiratory pathogens are of major importance because they can cause disease independently or association with other bacterial or viral agents [1].Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly contagious respiratory and some of them cause urogenital disease in chickens, which results in significant economic losses in the poultry industry [2]
Results of this study showed that 35/38 (92.1%) samples of these flocks were infected with IBV, 7/35 (20.0%) samples were infected with IBV only, while 16/35 (45.71%) samples positive for (IBV, AIV and MG), 2/35 (5.71%) samples positive to both IBV and AIV, 9/35 (25.71%) samples were positive to IBV and MG and no samples were positive for AIV, MG solitary
Summary
The etiology of respiratory disease in chicken is complex, often involving more than one pathogen at the same time, including avian pneumovirus (APV), avian influenza virus (AIV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), and these respiratory pathogens are of major importance because they can cause disease independently or association with other bacterial or viral agents [1]. Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly contagious respiratory and some of them cause urogenital disease in chickens, which results in significant economic losses in the poultry industry [2]. Such effects may be with or without respiratory signs [3,4]. AIV subtype H9 has been reported in poultry by molecular techniques in province Najaf since 2008 [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
