Molecular detection and clinical aspects of porcine circovirus 3 infection in pigs from Brazil

A.C.M Cruz,F.B Knackfuss,I.L.F Rodrigues,A.E Souza,T.X Castro,R.L Silveira

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-11924

A.C.M Cruz, F.B Knackfuss + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11924

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) DNA has been detected in serum samples from apparently healthy pigs as well as pigs with different clinical conditions. Molecular detection of PCV-3 was observed in swine serum samples from Southeastern - Brazil using a nested PCR designed specifically for this study. The epidemiology and clinical aspects of PCV-3 infection were evaluated. The samples originated from 154 pigs of both genders from different production phases and with different clinical presentations, sampled from 31 pig farms visited between 2013 and 2018. In this study, PCV-3 was detected in 26.7% of samples from all populations across varying ages. Statistical association (P=0.0285) was observed only between animals with respiratory signs and PCV-3; no PCV-3-positive animal had diarrhea. No statistical association was observed between PCV-3 and age, or gender of the pigs. Because PCV-3 is a newly discovered virus, there is very little information about its epidemiology. We hope that these data can help in future studies investigating PCV-3 epidemiology.

Highlights

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) is a virus belonging to the Circoviridae family and since 2015 (Palinski et al, 2016; Phan et al, 2016)The diagnosis of PCV-3 is currently based on DNA detection in different clinical samples including serum, tissue, colostrum, and feces (Franzo et al, 2017; Fu et al, 2017; Kim et al, 2017; Ku et al, 2017; Kwon et al, 2017; Kedkovid et al, 2018; Klaumann et al, 2018)
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) DNA has been detected in serum samples from apparently healthy pigs as well as pigs with different clinical conditions
In order to elucidate the epidemiology and clinical aspects of the infection in this population, the aim of this study was to perform molecular detection of PCV-3 using a nested PCR designed for this purpose and swine serum samples from Southeastern – Brazil

Summary

Introduction

The diagnosis of PCV-3 is currently based on DNA detection in different clinical samples including serum, tissue, colostrum, and feces (Franzo et al, 2017; Fu et al, 2017; Kim et al, 2017; Ku et al, 2017; Kwon et al, 2017; Kedkovid et al, 2018; Klaumann et al, 2018). In Brazil, few studies about the circulation of PCV3 have been published (Tocheto et al, 2017; Saraiva et al, 2019; Rodrigues et al, 2020) and there is lack of information about the circulation and the clinical impact of this virus in Brazilian herds. In order to elucidate the epidemiology and clinical aspects of the infection in this population, the aim of this study was to perform molecular detection of PCV-3 using a nested PCR designed for this purpose and swine serum samples from Southeastern – Brazil

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