Abstract
Background: To test and introduce effective and less toxic breast cancer (BC) treatment strategies, animal models, including murine BC cell lines, are considered as perfect platforms. Strikingly, the knowledge on the genetic background of applied BC cell lines is often sparse though urgently necessary for their targeted and really justified application. Methods: In this study, we performed the first molecular cytogenetic characterization for three murine BC cell lines C-127I, EMT6/P and TA3 Hauschka. Besides fluorescence in situ hybridization-banding, array comparative genomic hybridization was also applied. Thus, overall, an in silico translation for the detected imbalances and chromosomal break events in the murine cell lines to the corresponding homologous imbalances in humans could be provided. The latter enabled a comparison of the murine cell line with human BC cytogenomics. Results: All three BC cell lines showed a rearranged karyotype at different stages of complexity, which can be interpreted carefully as reflectance of more or less advanced tumor stages. Conclusions: Accordingly, the C-127I cell line would represent the late stage BC while the cell lines EMT6/P and TA3 Hauschka would be models for the premalignant or early BC stage and an early or benign BC, respectively. With this cytogenomic information provided, these cell lines now can be applied really adequately in future research studies.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) is among the most common female specific cancer types and the second most common cancer in humans after lung cancer [1,2]
Animal model systems play a major role in breast cancer (BC) research, especially for testing new treatment protocols [4,13]
In this study, the three frequently used murine BC cell lines C-127I, EMT6/P and TA3 Hauschka were for the first time characterized on the molecular cytogenomic level
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is among the most common female specific cancer types and the second most common cancer in humans after lung cancer [1,2]. BC can be grouped according to immunohistochemical markers (ICM), like (i) presence or absence of receptors like those for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on tumor cell surface; (ii) expression of nuclear protein Ki67 as a marker of cell proliferation; and (iii) cytokeratin 5 expression in the plasma of BC cells. Animal, especially murine, models are regarded as a highly feasible way to study biological pathways involved in initiation, progression and metastasis of a tumor like BC and to establish new targeted medication, like murine tumor cell lines [16,17,18,19]. As previously done in comparable studies in murine tumor cell lines, a successful in silico translation from murine to human genome determined the corresponding homologous genetic alteration in human BC and enabled a classification as murine late stage, premalignant stage and benign BC-models
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