Abstract
BackgroundThinopyrum ponticum (2n = 10× = 70, JSJSJSJSJJJJJJ) is an important wild perennial Triticeae species that has a unique gene pool with many desirable traits for common wheat. The partial amphiploids derived from wheat-Th. ponticum set up a bridge for transferring valuable genes from Th. ponticum into common wheat.ResultsIn this study, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), multicolor GISH (mcGISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to analyze the genomic constitution of SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406, three octoploid accessions with good resistance to rust. The results demonstrated that the three octoploids possessed 42 wheat chromosomes, while SN0389 contained 12 Th. ponticum chromosomes and SN0398 and SN0406 contained 14 Th. ponticum chromosomes. The genomic constitution of SN0389 was 42 W + 12JS, and for SN0398 and SN0406 it was 42 W + 12JS + 2 J. Chromosomal variation was found in chromosomes 1A, 3A, 6A, 2B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 1D and 5D of SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406 based on the FISH and McGISH pattern. A resistance evaluation showed that SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406 possessed good resistance to stripe and leaf rust at the seedling stage and adult-plant stage.ConclusionsThe results indicated that these wheat-Th. ponticum partial amphiploids are new resistant germplasms for wheat improvement.
Highlights
Thinopyrum ponticum (2n = 10× = 70, JSJSJSJSJJJJJJ) is an important wild perennial Triticeae species that has a unique gene pool with many desirable traits for common wheat
Chromosomal constitution of three partial amphiploids An analysis of the mitotic chromosomes showed that SN0389 contained a chromosome number of 2n = 54, and both SN0398 and SN0406 had a mitotic chromosome number of 2n = 56 (Fig. 1)
The meiotic observations of the three partial amphiploids indicated that most of the chromosomes in the observed pollen mother cells of SN0389 formed bivalents at meiotic metaphase I (MI), and SN0398 and SN0406 both formed into bivalents, which proved that these three partial amphiploids exhibited high cytological stability
Summary
Many important genes have been successfully transferred to common wheat from Th. ponticum, including resistance to powdery mildew [18], stripe rust [12, 30], leaf rust [24], stem rust [7, 23], Fusarium head blight [9, 14, 26, 27] and wheat streak mosaic virus [17], as well as abiotic stress tolerance [4, 28], and even yield-related traits [16, 21]. It is widely used in wheat improvement, the genomic
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