Abstract
BackgroundPartial amphiploids created by crossing octoploid tritelytrigia(2n = 8× = 56, AABBDDEE) and Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6× = 42, StStJJJSJS) are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases. We examined the chromosome compositions of five wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids using GISH and multicolor-FISH.ResultsThe result revealed that five lines had 10-14 J-genome chromosomes from Th. intermedium and 42 common wheat chromosomes, using the J-genomic DNA from Th. bessarabicum as GISH probe and the oligo probes pAs1-1, pAs1-3, AFA-4, (GAA) 10, and pSc119.2-1 as FISH probe. Five lines resembled their parent octoploid tritelytrigia (2n = 8× = 56, AABBDDEE) but had higher protein contents. Protein contents of two lines HS2-2 and HS2-5 were up to more than 20%. Evaluation of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance revealed that the percent of symptomatic spikelets (PSS) of these lines were below 30%. Lines HS2-2, HS2-4, HS2-5, and HS2-16 were less than 20% of PPS. Line HS2-5 with 14 J-genome chromosomes from Th. intermedium showed the best disease resistance, with PSS values of 10.8% and 16.6% in 2016 and 2017, respectively.ConclusionsNew wheat-Th. intermedium amphiploids with the J-genome chromosomes were identified and can be considered as a valuable source of FHB resistance in wheat breeding.
Highlights
Partial amphiploids created by crossing octoploid tritelytrigia(2n = 8× = 56, AABBDDEE) and Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6× = 42, StStJJJSJS) are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases
The present study focused on the development of five wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids by crossing octoploid tritelytrigia (2n = 8× = 56, AABBDDEE) with Th. intermedium and characterized their Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance and genomic constitutions by means of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization
GISH and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mcFISH) analysis Chromosome counts indicated that lines HS2-2, HS2-4, and HS2-5 had 56 chromosomes, and lines HS2-14 and HS2-16 had 54 chromosomes (Table 1)
Summary
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L, 2n = 6× = 42, AABBDD) is represented by a narrow germplasm base, which causes vulnerability to biotic and abiotic stresses [23, 35, 50, 55] This narrow gene pool minimizes opportunities for developing genetic resistance to diseases. Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauvoir, or Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski, 2n = 6× = 42 StStJJJsJs], is a perennial autoallo-hexaploid species that is an important source of genetic variability for improving cultivated wheat It has been used extensively for hybridization with bread wheat and durum wheat, and numerous useful genes have been transferred to wheat [27, 51, 65].
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