Abstract
The establishment of a cell culture system for the clonal development of hematopoietic cells made it possible to discover the proteins that regulate cell viability, multiplication and differentiation of different hematopoietic cell lineages and the molecular basis of normal and abnormal development in blood-forming tissues (reviewed in [1–5]). These regulators include cytokines now called colony stimulating factors (CSFs) and interleukins (ILs) and hematopoiesis is controlled by a network of cytokine interactions [1–7]. This multigene network includes positive regulators such as CSFs and ILs and negative regulators such as transforming growth factor β and tumor necrosis factor. The cytokine network which has arisen during evolution allows considerable flexibility depending on which part of the network is activated and the ready amplification of response to a particular stimulus. Hematopoietic cytokines can induce the expression of transcription factors [8]. Cytokine signalling through transcription factors can thus ensure the autoregulation and transregulation of cytokine genes that occur in the network.
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