Abstract
Many temperate plant species, includingArabidopsisacquire a greater ability to withstand freezing in response to a period of low nonfreezing temperatures. This process is known as cold acclimation. Cold acclimation is very complex and involves numerous physiological and biochemical changes (Xin and Browse, 2000). The most notable changes include reduction or cessation of growth, reduction of tissue water content, a transient increase in abscisic acid (ABA) (Chen et al., 1983; Lang et al., 1994), changes in membrane lipid composition (Webb et al., 1994; Uemura et al., 1995), and accumulation of compatible osmolytes such as proline, betaine, and soluble sugars (Koster and Lynch, 1992; Ristic and Ashworth, 1993). In short, almost every cellular process is altered during cold acclimation. However, it has been a great challenge to separate the processes that are critical to enhanced freezing tolerance from those merely responsive to low temperatures.
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