Abstract
Small heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB-1) plays an essential role in the protection of cells against environmental stress.Elucidation of its molecular, structural, and biological characteristics in a naturally wild-type model is essential. Although the sequence information of the HSPB-1 gene is available for many mammalian species, the HSPB-1 gene of Arabian camel (Arabian camel HSPB-1) has not yet been structurally characterized. We cloned and functionally characterized a full-length of Arabian camel HSPB-1 cDNA. It is 791 bp long, with a 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of 34 bp, a 3′-UTR of 151 bp with a poly(A) tail, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 606 bp encoding a protein of 201 amino acids (accession number: MF278354). The tissue-specific expression analysis of Arabian camel HSPB-1 mRNA was examined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR); which suggested that Arabian camel HSPB-1 mRNA was constitutionally expressed in all examined tissues of Arabian camel, with the predominately level in the esophagus tissue. Peptide mass fingerprint-mass spectrometry (PMF-MS) analysis of the purified Arabian camel HSPB-1 protein confirmed the identity of this protein. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the HSPB-1 protein of Arabian camel is grouped together with those of Bactrian camel and Alpaca. Comparing the modelled 3D structure of Arabian camel HSPB-1 protein with the available protein 3D structure of HSPB-1 from human confirmed the presence of α-crystallin domain, and high similarities were noted between the two structures by using super secondary structure prediction.
Highlights
The one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius, is one of the most important member of the Camelidae family
The expression of Arabian camel heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB-1) mRNA was found in all examined tissues of Arabian camel (Fig 1), indicating its important role in cellular proteostasis
The level of expression of Arabian camel HSPB-1 mRNA in the ten different tissues was studied using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR)
Summary
The one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius ( known as Arabian camel), is one of the most important member of the Camelidae family. Arabian camel has played a major role in the culture and way of life in the Arabian Peninsula over the past couple thousand of years [1] This animal has acclimatized itself to live in the desert, and to survive under extreme environmental conditions by promoting the expression of several genes such as small heat shock genes, which encode a family of proteins known as small heat shock proteins sHSPs [2,3,4,5,6]. The formation of a stable dimer interface between two contiguous monomers of small heat shock proteins’ ACD facilitate the assembly of a large oligomers’ subunits [21, 22] These molecular oligomers act as chaperones by binding to the unfolded proteins. The cellular concentration of many sHSPs is considerably increased in response to various of stresses, but they can function fundamentally in many organisms and tissues [23]
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