Abstract
Ixeris dentata var. albiflora is considered as a potential therapeutic agent against mithridatism, calculous, indigestion, pneumonia, hepatitis, and tumors as well as good seasoned vegetable in Far East countries. Phytoene synthase (PSY), phytoene desaturase (PDS) ξ-carotene desaturase (ZDS), lycopene β-cyclase (LCYB), lycopene ε-cyclase (LCYE), ε-ring carotene hydroxylase (CHXB), and zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZDS) are vital enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. We have examined these seven genes from I. dentata that are participated in carotenoid biosynthesis utilizing an Illumina/Solexa HiSeq 2000 platform. In silico analysis of the seven deduced amino acid sequences were revealed its closest homology with other Asteracea plants. Further, we explored transcript levels and carotenoid accumulation in various organs of I. dentata using quantitative real time PCR and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The highest transcript levels were noticed in the leaf for all the genes while minimal levels were noticed in the root. The maximal carotenoid accumulation was also detected in the leaf. We proposed that these genes expressions are associated with the accumulation of carotenoids. Our findings may suggest the fundamental clues to unravel the molecular insights of carotenoid biosynthesis in various organs of I. dentata.
Highlights
Ixeris dentata var. albiflora (Asteracea) is distributed in East Asia— in Korea, Japan, China, and Mongolia
We identified seven crucial genes that are responsible for carotenoid biosynthesis pathway: phytoene synthase (PSY), phytoene desaturase (PDS), ξ-carotene desaturase (ZDS), lycopene β-cyclase (LCYB), β-ring carotene hydroxylase (CHXB), ε-ring carotene hydroxylase (CHXE), and zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP)
Current study anticipated to elucidate the molecular characterization of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes
Summary
Ixeris dentata var. albiflora (Asteracea) is distributed in East Asia— in Korea, Japan, China, and Mongolia. Carotenoids are very important secondary metabolites as well as essential health promoting carotinoids supposed to be acquired through the diet [6] These are ubiquitously present compounds its synthesis does not occur naturally in humans and other animals in nature and represent a group of isoprenoid molecules that has more than 750 pigments [7]. In plants they play crucial roles like lipid membrane stabilization, light (450–470 nm) harvesting and represent a group of isoprenoid molecules that has more than 750 pigments [7]. Isoprenoid molecules play crucial roles like lipid membrane stabilization, light (450–470 nm) harvesting in photosynthesis, attract the pollinators and seed dispersal agents by exhibiting orange, yellow, and red colors in and photosystem protection from photo-oxidation [8]. In this study, we anticipated elucidation of carotenoid biosynthesis accumulation and its related genes spatial transcriptional regulation in I. denata utilizing quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively
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