Abstract
It becomes an axiom that all living organisms are composed predominantly of L-amino acids (L-AAs) and D-sugars. However, in many biomedical studies, there is a significant discrepancy between the amount of available information regarding D-AAs biology and a degree of pragmatic implementation. It is applying to the fields of nutrition and lactation. The mutual interaction of internal and environmental sources of D-AAs in an organism, including the food, microorganisms, is influenced by the spontaneous and enzymatic racemization. The interacting sources of D-AAs are recognized as an essential determinant in the embryonic/infant development, the lifestyle of an adult an organism, and aging. Progress in the analytical methods of chiral discrimination is promising to revolutionize the field of neuroscience, neurodegeneration, psychology, drug production, and the food industry, which should be reflected in the field of lactation. However, the attention to the D/L AAs balance in the area of breastfeeding is overlooked until the present. In short, our aim is predicting the importance of the serine racemase (SerRs) enzymes in human breast milk production and digestion.
Highlights
Biochirality “D-amino acids, the enantiomeric counterparts of L-amino acids, were long considered to be non-functional or not even present in living organisms” [1]
In many biomedical studies, there is a significant discrepancy between the amount of available information regarding D-AAs biology and a degree of implementation
It is applying to the field of lactation, due to the fact, that D-AAs are the essential players in the embryonic and infant development [40, 41]
Summary
Biochirality “D-amino acids, the enantiomeric counterparts of L-amino acids, were long considered to be non-functional or not even present in living organisms” [1]. “D-Amino acids are emerging as potential biomarkers” [2]. “Accumulating evidence points to distinctive roles of D-AAs in non-ribosomal physiology” [3]. Molecular biochirality chirality (BioCh)* has its physical and chemical ground [4,5]. Our concern is the molecular BioCh in relation to the science of nutrition. Under the impact of new coming results, the intuitive impression of the absolute biological homo-chirality is replaced by the concept of prevalent chirality. It becomes an axiom that all living organisms are composed predominantly of L-amino acids (L-AAs) and D-sugars. The main features characterizing a new level of understanding are
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