Molecular characterization of rye cultivars

Želmí­Ra Balážová,Martin Vivodí­K Vivodí­K,Zdenka Gálová,Lenka Petrovičová

doi:10.5219/522

ŽelmíRa Balážová, Martin VivodíK VivodíK + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5219/522

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Abstract

The results of molecular analysis of 45 rye taxa (Secale cereale L.) represented by agricultural varieties originated from Central Europe and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (SUN) are presented. The genetic diversity of rye cultivars by 6 SSR markers was evaluated. Six specific microsatellite primer pairs produced 58 polymorphic alleles with an average of 9.7 alleles per locus. The number of alleles ranged from 6 (SCM2) to 14 (SCM86). Genetic polymorphism was characterized based on diversity index (DI), probability of identity (PI) and polymorphic information content (PIC). The diversity index (DI) of SSR markers ranged from 0.5478 (SCM2) to 0.887 (SCM86) with an average of 0.778. The lowest value of polymorphic information content was recorded for SCM2 (0.484) and the highest value for SCM86 (0.885) of PIC was detected in SCM86 with an average of 0.760.The dendrogram of genetic similarity was constructed, based on UPGMA algorithm. The hierarchical cluster analysis divided rye genotypes into 4 main clusters. The first cluster of 14 genotypes was subdivided in two subclusters (1a and 1b) where 50% of genotypes were Czechoslovak origin. The second cluster contained four genotypes were three (75%) of them had Czech or Czechoslovak origin. In the third subcluster separated three rye genotypes of different origin. The rest (24) of rye genotypes in the fourth cluster were divided into two subclusters (4a and 4b) where clearly separated group of Polish (4aa) and Czech and Czechoslovak (4ab) genotypes. Two genotypes of 4aa subcluster (Wojcieszyckie and Dankowskie Nowe) from Poland were genetically the closest. In the dendrogram alle genotypes were differentiated and clustering partially reflects geographic origin of studied rye genotypes. In this experiment, SSRs markers proved to be a high informative and usefull tool in genetic diversity research for the distinguishing and characterization of close related varieties.

Highlights

Common rye (Secale cereale L.) is one of the most important cereal crops cultivated in Eastern and Northern Europe (Targońska et al, 2015)
The development of molecular markers has opened up numerous possibilities for their application in plant breeding
Jenabi et al, (2011) used fifteen wheat and rye derived microsatellite markers to evaluate genetic variation of the mountain rye Secale strictum in Iran and to examine the patterns of diversity related to the varieties and geography

Summary

Introduction

Common rye (Secale cereale L.) is one of the most important cereal crops cultivated in Eastern and Northern Europe (Targońska et al, 2015). Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a diploid (2n = 2x = 14) annual, cross-pollinated cereal with an effective gametophytic self-incompatibility system. On a global scale rye (Secale cereale L.) is a minor crop, its production being about 5% that of wheat or rice. The main advantages of rye over other winter cereals are its excellent tolerance to low temperatures and the ability to realize relatively high grain yields under environmental conditions in which other crops perform poorly. Rye products are characterized by a high level of dietary fiber (Andersson et al, 2009) that may contribute to positive health effects (Rosén et al, 2011)

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