Abstract
Forty seven clinical samples of Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) associated with Inclusion Body Hepatitis (IBH) from Peruvian broilers received between July 2006 and April 2013 were genotyped using sequencing of L1 Loop of Hexon gene. All 47 clinical samples presented macroscopic and histopathology lesions consistent with IBH, and amplified a specific fragment of Hexon gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A unique nucleotide sequence of 789 base pairs of Hexon gene (position 273 to 1061) was obtained in all 47 clinical samples analyzed. This sequence showed a high level of conservation in amino acid and nucleotide sequence (>99%) with a Fowl Adenovirus C serotype 4 previously identified. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicate no genotypic variation in Peruvian isolates. The presence of a unique genotype very closely related with genotype C1 previously reported in Peru and Ecuador (>99%), suggests the presence of FAdV C serotype 4 genotype C1 in clinical cases of IBH from Peruvian broilers.
Highlights
Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) includes 12 serotypes [1], with a high diversity of strains for each serotype and a wide range of clinical and pathological presentations [2]
A total of 47 suspected clinical cases of Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) from broilers received in the Microbiology Laboratory-Bioservice SRL between July 2006 and April 2013 were included in this study (Table 1)
Agar gel immune-diffusion (AGID) tests for serotypes 4, 8 and 9, liver histopathology analysis and Hexon gene Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were performed to confirm the presence of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) in all suspected clinical cases
Summary
Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) includes 12 serotypes [1], with a high diversity of strains for each serotype and a wide range of clinical and pathological presentations (pneumonias, tracheitis, gizzard erosions, proventriculitis, pancreatitis, inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium) [2]. The most important sanitary problem in North America and South America is inclusion body hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome due to high levels of morbidity and mortality in broilers resulting in significant economic losses [3]-[7] This great diversity exhibited by FAdV required the use of additional techniques to make a correct identification of levels of species and serotypes and characterization of genetic diversity. The lack of information available for molecular characterization of isolates from Peru do not allow the identification of the type of serotypes currently present in poultry production systems. This is a key requirement for establishing actions to control and prevent IBH. The objective of this study was to determine FAdV genotypes/serotypes isolated from IBH clinical cases in broilers from Peru
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