Abstract
BackgroundThe causative agent of cervical cancer referred to as Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a real public health problem. Many countries in West Africa, such as Togo have no data on the high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection and genotypes distribution. In order to fill the knowledge gap in the field in Togo, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix and HR-HPV genotypes among Togolese women.MethodsSamples were collected from 240 women by introducing a swab in the cervix. Then, the screening of precancerous cervical lesions using the visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol (VIA / VIL) was conducted. The HR-HPV genotypes were characterised by real-time multiplex PCR.ResultsOut of 240 women recruited, 128 (53.3%) were infected by HR-HPV. The most common genotypes were HPV 56 (22.7%), followed by HPV 51 (20.3%), HPV 31 (19.5%), HPV 52 (18.8%) and HPV 35 (17.2%). The least common genotypes were HPV 33 (2.3%) and HPV 16 (2.3%). Among the women, 1.3% (3/240) were positive to VIA/VIL.ConclusionThis study allowed HR-HPV genotypes to be characterised for the first time in Lomé, Togo. This will help in mapping the HR-HPV genotypes in West Africa.
Highlights
The causative agent of cervical cancer referred to as Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a real public health problem
Under the scope of these observations, the current study has been conducted in Lomé, the capital city of Togo to determine the prevalence of HRHPV and different genotypes
The most frequent genotypes were HPV 56 (22.7%) and HPV 51 (20.3%), followed by HPV 31 (19.5%), HPV 52 (18.8%), and HPV 35 (172%)
Summary
The causative agent of cervical cancer referred to as Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a real public health problem. In order to fill the knowledge gap in the field in Togo, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix and HR-HPV genotypes among Togolese women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for Kuassi-Kpede et al BMC Infectious Diseases (2021) 21:278 women have shown that the prevalence and genotypes of HPV vary according to the regions of the world. Prophylactic vaccines currently available in Africa and ordered in Togo are Gardasil and Cervarix. Gardasil protects against four types of HPV, including types 16 and 18 which are responsible for cervical cancer, and types 6 and 11 which cause genital warts. Under the scope of these observations, the current study has been conducted in Lomé, the capital city of Togo to determine the prevalence of HRHPV and different genotypes
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