Abstract
Simple SummarySmall heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are members of the heat shock protein (HSP) family that play an important role in heat stress, and heat shock factors (HSFs) are transcriptional activators that mainly regulate the expression of HSPs. Cotesia chilonis, the major endoparasitoid of Chilo suppressalis, widely distributes in China and other Asian regions. Previous studies have shown that C. chilonis has a certain thermal tolerance. Here, heat-induced HSP11.0 and master-regulator HSF were cloned and characterized from C. chilonis. The transcription patterns of them in response to different temperatures and time course after temperature treatment were analyzed. This study is the first report on the analysis on hsf gene of C. chilonis. The results of expression patterns will provide new insights into thermoregulation of C. chilonis in response to climate change.Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are members of the heat shock protein (HSP) family that play an important role in temperature stress, and heat shock factors (HSFs) are transcriptional activators that regulate HSP expression. Cotesia chilonis, the major endoparasitoid of Chilo suppressalis, modulates the C. suppressalis population in the field. In this study, we cloned and characterized two genes from C. chilonis: the heat-induced HSP11.0 gene (Cchsp11.0) that consisted of a 306-bp ORF, and the master regulator HSF (Cchsf) containing an 1875-bp ORF. CcHSP11.0 contained a chaperonin cpn10 signature motif that is conserved in other hymenopteran insects. CcHSF is a typical HSF and contains a DNA-binding domain, two hydrophobic heptad repeat domains, and a C-terminal trans-activation domain. Neither Cchsp11.0 or Cchsf contain introns. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that Cchsp11.0 and Cchsf were highly induced at 36 °C and 6 °C after a 2-h exposure. Overall, the induction of Cchsf was lower than Cchsp11.0 at low temperatures, whereas the opposite was true at high temperatures. In conclusion, both Cchsp11.0 and Cchsf are sensitive to high and low temperature stress, and the expression pattern of the two genes were positively correlated during temperature stress.
Highlights
Chilo suppressalis (Walker) is a detrimental rice pest that widely distributed in rice fields of China, which is known as the striped rice stem borer [1]
On the basis of molecular weight and amino acid similarity, the HSP superfamily can be divided into HSP100, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, HSP40 and small heat shock proteins [12,13]. sHSPs are relatively small, and possess diverse amino acid sequences; they share a conserved α-crystallin domain (ACD) [14]
MN176104) and contained a 132-bp 5 untranslated region (UTR), a 306-bp open reading frame (ORF), and 70-bp 3 UTR (Figure S1)
Summary
Chilo suppressalis (Walker) is a detrimental rice pest that widely distributed in rice fields of China, which is known as the striped rice stem borer [1]. Insects adopt various survival strategies when exposed to temperature stress; this heat shock response (HSR) is rapidly induced by heat or other environmental and physiological stressors [9]. HSFs utilize a conserved regulatory mechanism where heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is the major transcription factor to regulator; this factor is expressed in most tissues and cells in response to heat stress [17]. A few reports exist documenting HSF1 in other insect species including Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), Bombyx mori (Linnaeus) and Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus) [18,29,30]; studies showing a relationship between the expression of hsfs and shsps under temperature stress in insects are lacking. A second gene encoding a sHSP, Cchsp11.0, and an HSF factor, Cchsf, were cloned and characterized in response to thermal stress. The results provide new insights into thermoregulation of C. chilonis in response to climate change
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