Abstract
BackgroundCytidine monophospho-n-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene associated with blood groups in cats encodes CMAH enzyme that converts Neu5Ac to Neu5Gc. Although variations in CMAH gene of pedigree cats have been revealed, the presence/lack of them in non-pedigree stray cats is unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the variations in CMAH gene and the quantity of Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc on erythrocytes of non-pedigree stray cats (n:12) living in İzmir, Turkey. Also, the frequency of blood types was determined in 76 stray cats including 12 cats that were used for CMAH and Neu5A/Neu5Gc analysis.ResultsIn total, 14 SNPs were detected in 5’UTR as well as in exon 2, 4, 9, 10, 11 and 12 of CMAH gene. Among these SNPs, -495 C > T in 5’UTR was detected for the first time as heterozygous in type A and AB cats, and homozygous and heterozygous in type B cats. The remaining 13 that have been detected in previous studies were also found as homozygous or heterozygous. Both Neu5Gc and Neu5Ac were detected in type A and AB cats. In type B cats, only Neu5Ac was detected. Among two type AB cats, the level of Neu5Ac was found higher in cat carrying heterozygous form (T/C) of 1392T > C. The prevalence of type B cats (67.1 %) was higher than others.ConclusionsThe presence of a new SNP as well as previous SNPs indicates that more variations can be found in stray cats with a more comprehensive study in the future. Also, the high prevalence of type B cats demonstrates the possible risk of neonatal isoerythrolysis among stray cats living in İzmir, Turkey.
Highlights
Cytidine monophospho-n-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene associated with blood groups in cats encodes CMAH enzyme that converts N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) to N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)
Polymorphisms in CMAH gene CMAH gene analysis was performed using DNA samples belonging to 12 stray cats with known blood group (Table 1)
The regions carrying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were 5′ untranslated region (5’UTR) as well as exon 2, 4, 9, 10, 11 and 12 (Table 2). Among these SNPs, one of them caused by a cytosine-thymine substitution (-495 C > T) in 5’UTR was detected for the first time as heterozygous in type A and AB cats, and homozygous and heterozygous in type B cats
Summary
Cytidine monophospho-n-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene associated with blood groups in cats encodes CMAH enzyme that converts Neu5Ac to Neu5Gc. The present study aimed to investigate the variations in CMAH gene and the quantity of Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc on erythrocytes of non-pedigree stray cats (n:12) living in İzmir, Turkey. The frequency of blood types was determined in 76 stray cats including 12 cats that were used for CMAH and Neu5A/Neu5Gc analysis. The blood group system of cats was initially reported in the early 1900’s. Three different blood types, called type A, B and AB, were demonstrated in cats. Genetic dominance among the three different blood types in cats has been reported as A > aab> b. Determination of blood types in cats is important in veterinary clinical practice since blood type incompatibility causes transfusion reactions related to severe haemolytic anaemia, anaphylactic shock, and death [2].
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