Abstract
In the present investigation Vrindavani cross bred and indigenous Sahiwal cows were genotyped for A1/ A2 b-casein alleles. Present genotypic study on A1/A2 Beta-casein variants was conducted in a population of 660 cattle which comprises of 354 Vrindavani and 306 Sahiwal cows. Out of them 354 Vrindavani cows were maintained at Cattle and Buffalo Farm, IVRI, Izatnagar and 306 Sahiwal cows under study were maintained at Kamdhenu Gaushala, Noormahal, Jalandhar. In Vrindavani cows, all three type of genotype were observed viz., A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2. Genotypic frequencies of A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes were 0.11, 0.47 and 0.42 respectively. The frequency of A1 and A2 allelic frequency in this population was 0.35 and 0.65 respectively in Vrindavani cows. In Sahiwal cows, only two types of genotypes were observed viz., A1A2 and A2A2. Genotype frequencies for A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes were 0.13 and 0.87 in Sahiwal cattle. The allelic frequencies for A1 and A2 were 0.06 and 0.94 respectively in Sahiwal cows. The results revealed that maximum genotypic frequency observed was A1A2 (0.47) followed by A2A2 (0.42) and A1A1 (0.11) in Vrindavani cattle while in Sahiwal cattle maximum genotypic frequency of A2A2 (0.87) followed by A1A2 (0.13) respectively. The observed heterozygosity (0.47) and PIC value (0.35) pointed towards the existence of medium genetic variability in the tested population.
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