Abstract
Frangipani is an important succulent plant around the worlds and also in Taiwan, for example, Plumeria rubra is widely grown as a popular ornamental tree in parks and landscaped establishments in Taiwan. Recently, a new disease in frangipani with mosaic and distortion symptoms was found in Taiwan. No viruses caused frangipani disease has been reported in Taiwan and the references about frangipani disease are still limited and only Fr angipani mosaic virus (FrMV) was found. In this study, the molecular properties of a virus isolated from symptomatic frangipani in south Taiwan, such as Pingtung, Kauhsiung and Tainan were investigated. The virus with rod-shaped particles of 300 nm long and 18 nm in diameter was examined inside diseased leaves by electron microscopy. The purified virus particles showed the typical UV spectrum of tobamoviruses with A 260 /A 280 value of 1.29 and maximum and minimum absorption at 260 nm and 249 nm, respectively. The molecular weight of 19.5 kDa as the size of coat protein of tobamoviruses was estimated by sodium dedocyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Furthermore, the degenerate primers for tobamoviruses were used to amplify 568 bp and 400 bp of the DNA fragments in RT-PCR and nested PCR, respectively. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the rigid rod-shaped virus isolated from mosaic symptom of frangipani leaves is an isolate of FrMV, belonging to the genus Tobamovirus . This is the first report thatFrMV infecting Plumeria sp. in Taiwan. Keywords: Frangipani plant, FrMV, mosaic disease, Tobamovirus .
Highlights
Frangipani (Plumeria sp.) is a small group of plant species native to tropical countries [1]
Electron Microscopy (Negative Staining) Virus particles from C. quinoa and frangipani leaf extracts were one drop floated onto electron microscopy Formvar-fronted, carbon coated, 200 mesh copper grids and incubated for five minutes
The virus isolate Frangipani-Taiwan 1 (Fr-T1) was partially purified according to the method by Dijkstra and de Jager [7] with slight modification as follows: infected C. quinoa leaves with local lesion symptoms were kept at deep freezer (-80°C) homogenized with one volume (v/w) 0.5 M phosphate buffer, pH 8.5, containing 0.01 M Na-EDTA
Summary
Frangipani (Plumeria sp.) is a small group of plant species native to tropical countries [1]. For the example is P. rubra which widely grown as a popular ornamental tree in parks and landscaped establishments in Taiwan. It bears beautiful, big flowers of various colours and sizes that predominate especially during the summer [3]. Preliminary surveys in the fields of Pingtung, Kauhsiung and Tainan County showed that some frangipani plants are indicating attacked by viruses based on foliar symptoms about 30% severity (unpublished data, 2012). This condition encourages the research about molecular characterization. The objective of this study was to identify the virus which attacked Plumeria sp
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