Abstract
Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) infections have been associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic infection to clinical signs including diarrhoea, pneumonia, reproductive disorders, and polioencephalomyelitis. Although it has a global distribution, there have been relatively few studies on PSV in domestic animals. We isolated a PSV strain, SHCM2019, from faecal specimens from swine, using PK-15 cells. To investigate its molecular characteristics and pathogenicity, the genomic sequence of strain SHCM2019 was analysed, and clinical manifestations and pathological changes occurring after inoculation of neonatal piglets were observed. The virus isolated using PK-15 cells was identified as PSV using RT-PCR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Sequencing results showed that the full-length genome of the SHCM2019 strain was 7,567 nucleotides (nt) in length, including a 27-nucleotide poly(A) tail. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that this virus was a PSV isolate belonging to the Chinese strain cluster. Recombination analysis indicated that there might be a recombination breakpoint upstream of the 3D region of the genome. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that the virus isolate could cause diarrhoea and pneumonia in piglets. In breif, a recombinant PSV strain, SHCM2019, was isolated and shown to be pathogenic. Our results may provide a reference for future research on the pathogenic mechanism and evolutionary characteristics of PSV.
Highlights
The genus Sapelovirus, belonging to the family Picornaviridae, consists of three species: Avian Sapelovirus, Sapelovirus A, and Sapelovirus B [1]
The strain isolated with PK-15 cells, was identified as Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) by room temperature (RT)-PCR, Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) assays
PSV infections have been associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute fatal encephalomyelitis, reproductive disorders, diarrhoea and pneumonia [12, 15,16,17]
Summary
The genus Sapelovirus, belonging to the family Picornaviridae, consists of three species: Avian Sapelovirus, Sapelovirus A (porcine sapelovirus), and Sapelovirus B (simian sapelovirus) [1]. PSV infections have been associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute fatal encephalomyelitis, reproductive disorders, diarrhoea and pneumonia [12, 15,16,17]. Prodelalova et al reported that PSV infection rates were higher in asymptomatic pigs than in diarrhoeal pigs [15]. Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) infections have been associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infection to clinical signs including diarrhoea, pneumonia, reproductive disorders, and polioencephalomyelitis. It has a global distribution, studies on PSV in domestic have been relatively few so far which goes against for this pathogen’s research and disease prevention
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