Abstract
BackgroundPeste des petits ruminants is an endemic disease of sheep and goats in Nigeria and vaccination has been the method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported. This study was carried out to characterize PPR viruses from outbreaks in 2007 and 2009 from Kaduna and Plateau States.ResultsOf the 33 clinical samples analysed, 51.52% (n = 17) were positive for F protein gene primers (F1/F2). All the samples had a sequence similarity of 98-100% among them and 92-97% with the reference vaccine (Nig 75/1) strain. The deduced amino acid homology ranges between 96.3-99.7%. Phylogenetically all the Nigerian sequences cluster with Nig 75/1 and Nig 76/1 in lineage 1.ConclusionsPPR is still a problem in Kaduna and Plateau States of Nigeria. The strains involved were genetically closely related to the vaccine strain (Nig 75/1) used in the country. Based on this study, the continued outbreaks in the Country is not due to the efficacy of the vaccine. Therefore, to achieve effective control and possibly eradication of PPR in Nigeria, the current control strategies should be revisited.
Highlights
Peste des petits ruminants is an endemic disease of sheep and goats in Nigeria and vaccination has been the method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported
Detection of PPR virus (PPRV) F gene Of the 33 clinical samples collected from sheep (n = 20) and goats (n = 13), 17 were positive for PPRV by F1/F2 primer amplification (Positivity rate = 51.52%)
The remaining 16 samples were negative for PPRV
Summary
Peste des petits ruminants is an endemic disease of sheep and goats in Nigeria and vaccination has been the method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported. Peste des petits ruminants disease (PPR), caused by PPR virus (PPRV), is a highly contagious disease of sheep and goats that has been widely reported in Sub Saharan Africa [1]. Morbidity and mortality can be as high as 100% and 90%, respectively, depending on the endemic status of the disease in an area [2] This disease was first described in West Africa in 1940s [4] and the first outbreak was describe in Nigeria in 1975 by Taylor and Abegunde [5]. Since the earlier reports on Nigeria in 1975, the disease has become endemic giving
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