Abstract
BackgroundThe begomovirus, squash leaf curl virus (SLCuV) is one of the causal agents of squash leaf curl (SLC) disease, which is among the most destructive diseases of cucurbit crops in tropical, subtropical, and semiarid regions worldwide. This disease was originally reported in the American continent with subsequent spread to the Mediterranean basin. Up to now, SLCuV has only been detected by PCR in Mexico. This study provides the first complete sequence of a Mexican SLCuV isolate from Baja California Sur (BCS). In addition, the genome of the virus was characterized, establishing its phylogenetic relationship with other SLCuV isolates.MethodsThe full genome (DNA-A and DNA-B) was amplified by rolling circle amplification, cloned and sequenced and the open reading frames (ORF) were annotated. Virus identification was performed according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) criteria for begomovirus species demarcation. To infer evolutionary relationship with other SLCuV isolates, phylogenetic and recombination analyses were performed.ResultsThe SLCuV-[MX-BCS-La Paz-16] genome (DNA-A and DNA-B) had 99% identity with SLCuV reference genomes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that SLCuV-[MX-BCS-La Paz-16] is closely related to SLCuV isolates from the Middle East (Egypt, Israel, Palestine and Lebanon). No evidence of interspecific recombination was determined and iterons were 100% identical in all isolates in the SLCuV clade.ConclusionsSLCuV-[MX-BCS-La Paz-16] showed low genetic variability in its genome, which could be due to a local adaptation process (isolate environment), suggesting that SLCuV isolates from the Middle East could have derived from the southwestern United States of America (USA) and northwestern Mexico.
Highlights
Viruses of the genus Begomovirus are devastating pathogens that affect a variety of agronomic crops worldwide (Rojas et al, 2018)
Based on pairwise DNA-A sequence comparisons and following the species demarcation criteria for begomoviruses (Brown et al, 2015; Zerbini et al, 2017), the Baja California Sur (BCS) isolate is a member of the species Squash leaf curl virus (SLCuV), with the acronym squash leaf curl virus (SLCuV)-[MX-BCS-La Paz-16]
It is worth noting that this is the first SLCuV full genome sequenced in Mexico, with all previous SLCuV detections having been limited to PCR-based diagnosis (Ramirez-Arredondo et al, 1995; Lugo et al, 2011)
Summary
Viruses of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminividae) are devastating pathogens that affect a variety of agronomic crops worldwide (Rojas et al, 2018). The begomovirus, squash leaf curl virus (SLCuV) is one of the causal agents of squash leaf curl (SLC) disease, which is among the most destructive diseases of cucurbit crops in tropical, subtropical, and semiarid regions worldwide. This disease was originally reported in the American continent with subsequent spread to the Mediterranean basin. The genome of the virus was characterized, establishing its phylogenetic relationship with other SLCuV isolates. The phylogenetic analysis showed that SLCuV[MX-BCS-La Paz-16] is closely related to SLCuV isolates from the Middle East (Egypt, Israel, Palestine and Lebanon). SLCuV-[MX-BCS-La Paz-16] showed low genetic variability in its genome, which could be due to a local adaptation process (isolate environment), suggesting that SLCuV isolates from the Middle East could have derived from the southwestern United States of America (USA) and northwestern Mexico
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