Abstract
Campylobacter is a zoonotic pathogen that causes foodborne diarrheal illness globally. To better understand health risks in Southeastern China, Campylobacter spp. were surveyed in humans and representative poultry products over 3 years. One hundred and ninety-five representative isolates (n = 148, Campylobacter jejuni; n = 45, Campylobacter coli; n = 2 Campylobacter hyointestinalis) were examined for genetic relatedness and antimicrobial susceptibility. Nearly all Campylobacter isolates (99.0%, 193/195) were resistant to at least one class of antimicrobials, and 45.6% (89/195) of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. Genotypic analysis revealed high diversity among tested strains. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) displayed 120 sequence types (STs) including 42 novel STs being added to the PubMLST international database. Sixty-two STs belonged to 16 previously characterized clonal complexes (CCs), of which CC-21, CC-45, CC-464, CC-574, CC-353, and CC-828 were most frequently identified. In addition, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) fingerprinting resulted in 66 PFGE SmaI patterns among the 125 isolates, with eight patterns shared between human and poultry sources. Subtyping data did not correlate with antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. Taken together, this large-scale surveillance study highlights high antimicrobial resistance and molecular features of Campylobacter isolates in Southeastern China.
Highlights
Campylobacter is a leading cause of sporadic bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide (Kirk et al, 2015; Li et al, 2018)
The prevalence rate of Campylobacter was varied among different sources. 55.8% (106/190) of representative poultry products were contaminated with Campylobacter, which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those obtained in human stool samples (10.5%, 89/850)
36.3% (69/190) of representative poultry products and 9.3% (79/850) of clinical samples were positive for C. jejuni, whereas C. coli was only detected in 18.4% (35/190) and 1.2% (10/850) of these samples, respectively
Summary
Campylobacter is a leading cause of sporadic bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide (Kirk et al, 2015; Li et al, 2018). Campylobacter infection is much more common than foodborne illness caused by Listeria, Escherichia coli O157, Vibrio, and Shigella, accounting for an estimated incidence of approximately 1.3 million foodborne cases annually in the United States alone (Scallan et al, 2011). Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the predominant. From Southeastern China cause of campylobacteriosis and responsible for approximately 95% of all Campylobacter infections (Coker et al, 2002). Campylobacteriosis is usually self-limiting and does not require antimicrobial therapy. For patients with severe or prolonged symptomology, erythromycin or fluoroquinolone is the drug of choice (Butzler, 2004)
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