Abstract
In Nigeria, acute gastroenteritis in children under five years of age is a major cause of mortality and morbidity; identification and characterization of microbial agents of acute gastroenteritis, including Salmonella, remains a powerful tool for effective management, surveillance, and control. Diarrheal stool samples were directly plated onto differential and selective media to isolate Salmonella. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were screened using the double disk diffusion technique and by PCR targeting the blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed usingthe PulseNet Canada Laboratory protocol for molecular subtyping using the restriction enzymes XbaI and BlnI. The serotypes identified were Salmonella enterica serovar Zanzibar (n = 5), Salmonella Brancaster (n = 3), and one isolate of Salmonella Enteritidis (phage type 1). The following levels of resistance were found among the Salmonella strains: amoxicillin, five strains (55.6%); amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, two strains (22.2%); cephalexin, five strains (55.6%); and cefuroxime, five strains (55.6%). Intermediate resistance was found in five strains (55.6%) only to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. All isolates were susceptible to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone, and no ESBL-producing Salmonella were detected. Our findings demonstrated the involvement of three Salmonella serovars in acute gastroenteritis; resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins was common.
Highlights
In Nigeria, acute gastroenteritis in children under five years of age is a major cause of mortality and morbidity; identification and characterization of microbial agents of acute gastroenteritis, including Salmonella, remains a powerful tool for effective management, surveillance, and control
Salmonella infections are associated with acute gastroenteritis, one of the most common alimentary diseases; they are caused by the consumption of contaminated water and food, especially meat [1]
Colonies with a presumptive Salmonella morphology as per the phenotypic characteristics in the different culture media were identified biochemically according to the following procedure [13]: five probable Salmonella colonies were selected from the Salmonella Shigella (SS) or xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agars, inoculated into 3.5 mL brain-heart infusion broth (BHI), incubated at 35°C for 10 minutes, and inoculated onto the different media
Summary
In Nigeria, acute gastroenteritis in children under five years of age is a major cause of mortality and morbidity; identification and characterization of microbial agents of acute gastroenteritis, including Salmonella, remains a powerful tool for effective management, surveillance, and control. The prevalence rate of acute diarrhea in Nigeria is 18.8%, one of the worst in sub-Saharan Africa It accounts for over 16% of child deaths in Nigeria and an estimated 150,000 deaths – amongst children under five years of age – occur annually due to this disease, mainly caused by poor sanitation and hygiene practices. These diseases are especially common in developing countries with poor hygiene and sanitation and with limited access to safe drinking water [2]. The blaTEM gene cluster encodes by plasmid mediation resistance mechanisms such as penicillinase hyper production, extendedspectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), or inhibitorresistant TEM beta-lactamase [4]. The highly polymorphic blaTEM gene has been targetedas a Ifeanyi et al –Molecular characterization of Salmonella serovars
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
