Molecular Characteristics of Batanghari, Tambago, Orange, and Mandiangin Giant Gourami Strains

Agus Nuryanto,Anatasia Endang Pulungsari

doi:10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.12097

Agus Nuryanto, Anatasia Endang Pulungsari

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.12097

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Abstract

Morphological variations among geographic and can be identified as different species. However, a lot of studies proved that morphological variations are also common in conspecific individuals. Therefore, precise identification using additional characters is vital, such as using a molecular marker. Here, we characterized Batanghari, Tambago, Orange, and Mandiangin gourami strains using the cytochrome b gene to evaluate their taxonomic status. Partial sequences of cytochrome b gene were sequenced for 40 individuals. Taxonomic status was checked for giant gourami sequences available in GenBank. Kimura 2-Parameter genetic distances were calculated in MEGA6 software. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity within population and Φst-value among populations were estimated in Arlequin software. Phylogenetic relationship was reconstructed using the neighbor-joining method in MEGA6 software based on Kimura 2-parameter model with 1000 pseudobootstraps. Taxonomic identification results in 99% sequences homology to Osphronemus goramy sequences (accession number KU984978.1 and AY763768.1), means that all strains belong to single species. Low genetic distances, medium haplotype and low-level nucleotide diversity were observed among strains. Pairwise Φst-comparison indicates no genetic differences among Sumatera strain, whereas strong genetic structures observed between Sumatera and Mandiangin strains. The phylogenetic tree showed that Mandiangin formed separate subclades from other strains with bootstraps value of 100%. This finding has important implication for breeding sciences and efforts.

Highlights

Giant gourami (Osprhronemus gouramy Lac.) is an indigenous freshwater fish species in Indonesia
It is important to study on a molecular feature of morphologically differences giant gourami strains from Sumatera and Kalimantan based on partial sequence of cytochrome b gene to clarify their taxonomic status whether morphological differences among strains refer to either different species or only pointing out as geographic isolates or subspecies
Tissue samples of caudal fin were collected in May 2016 for Tambago, Orange, (Payakumbuh, West Sumatera) and Batanghari (Jambi) strains, while for Mandiangin strain were collected in April 2017 from Mandiangin (South Kalimantan)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Giant gourami (Osprhronemus gouramy Lac.) is an indigenous freshwater fish species in Indonesia. No published information on molecular characteristics of giant gourami strains from Sumatera and Kalimantan especially based on partial sequences of cytochrome b gene. It is important to study on a molecular feature of morphologically differences giant gourami strains from Sumatera and Kalimantan based on partial sequence of cytochrome b (cyt b) gene to clarify their taxonomic status whether morphological differences among strains refer to either different species or only pointing out as geographic isolates or subspecies. It is expected that the use of the Cyt b gene in giant gourami strains characterization can be used to analyze their genetic diversity and differences and subsequently be used to strengthen the taxonomic status of giant gourami strains from Sumatera and Kalimantan. This study is expected to provide information which is valuable in developing a breeding strategy within and among strains to obtained high-quality strains and preserve unique characters of each strain

METHODS

AND DISCUSSION

Findings

CONCLUSION