Abstract
Parvoviruses under the genus Chaphamaparvovirus (subfamily Hamaparvovirinae) are highly divergent and have recently been identified in many animals. However, the detection and characterisation of parvoviruses in psittacine birds are limited. Therefore, this study reports a novel parvovirus, tentatively named psittaciform chaphamaparvovirus 2 (PsChPV-2) under the genus Chaphamaparvovirus, which was identified in Australian Neophema birds. The PsChPV-2 genome is 4371 bp in length and encompasses four predicted open-reading frames, including two major genes, a nonstructural replicase gene (NS1), and a structural capsid gene (VP1). The NS1 and VP1 genes showed the closest amino acid identities of 56.2% and 47.7%, respectively, with a recently sequenced psittaciform chaphamaparvovirus 1 from a rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus). Subsequent phylogenetic analyses exhibited that the novel PsChPV-2 is most closely related to other chaphamaparvoviruses of avian origin and has the greatest sequence identity with PsChPV-1 (60.6%). Further systematic investigation is warranted to explore the diversity with many avian-associated parvoviruses likely to be discovered.
Highlights
Parvoviruses are small, nonenveloped, linear, single-stranded DNA molecules of 4–6 kb in length
Among the 10 genera within the subfamily Parvovirinae, the genus Chaphamaparvovirus has been detected in the faecal materials of chickens, turkeys, rats, pigs, and Eidolon helvums, and various tissue samples including serums, rectal swabs, nasal swabs, and lung lavages sourced from pigs [5,6,7,8]
A novel avian chaphamaparvovirus was recently detected in brain, liver, and heart tissues collected from rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus) [9]
Summary
Parvoviruses are small, nonenveloped, linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) molecules of 4–6 kb in length They encode two gene cassettes: a nonstructural replicase gene (NS1). A novel avian chaphamaparvovirus was recently detected in brain, liver, and heart tissues collected from rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus) [9]. It is currently unknown whether these viruses are associated with known diseases. This study aims to characterise a novel parvovirus identified in the faecal materials collected from elegant parrots (Neophema elegans) and scarlet-chested parrots (Neophema splendida). Pathogens 2021, 10, 1559 to characterise a novel parvovirus identified in the faecal materials collected from elegant parrots (Neophema elegans) and scarlet-chested parrots (Neophema splendida)
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