Abstract
The anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is an important disease that primarily causes fruit rot in pepper. Eighty-eight strains representing seven species of Colletotrichum were obtained from rotten pepper fruits in Sichuan Province, China, and characterized according to morphology and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) sequence. Fifty-two strains were chosen for identification by phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequences, including the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the β-tubulin (TUB2), actin (ACT), calmodulin (CAL) and GAPDH genes. Based on the combined datasets, the 88 strains were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. siamense, C. fructicola, C. truncatum, C. scovillei, and C. brevisporum, and one new species was detected, described as Colletotrichum sichuanensis. Notably, C. siamense and C. scovillei were recorded for the first time as the causes of anthracnose in peppers in China. In addition, with the exception of C. truncatum, this is the first report of all of the other Colletotrichum species studied in pepper from Sichuan. The fungal species were all non-host-specific, as the isolates were able to infect not only Capsicum spp. but also Pyrus pyrifolia in pathogenicity tests. These findings suggest that the fungal species associated with anthracnose in pepper may inoculate other hosts as initial inoculum.
Highlights
The anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is an important disease that primarily causes fruit rot in pepper
Our results indicate that with the exception of C. truncatum and C. scovillei, it is difficult to differentiate among Colletotrichum species based solely on the symptom types in the field
The primary objective of this study was to identify the Colletotrichum species that are currently causing anthracnose disease in pepper grown in Sichuan Province, China
Summary
The anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is an important disease that primarily causes fruit rot in pepper. Eighty-eight strains representing seven species of Colletotrichum were obtained from rotten pepper fruits in Sichuan Province, China, and characterized according to morphology and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) sequence. The fungal species were all non-host-specific, as the isolates were able to infect Capsicum spp. and Pyrus pyrifolia in pathogenicity tests. These findings suggest that the fungal species associated with anthracnose in pepper may inoculate other hosts as initial inoculum. Colletotrichum is an important pathogenic genus worldwide These fungi cause disease symptoms that are generally known as anthracnose in a wide range of vegetables, fruits and other crops[1]. Several new species have been described on the basis of multi-locus phylogeny, e.g., C. anthrisci, C. liriopes, C. rusci and C. verruculosum[3]; C. bletillum, C. caudasporum, C. duyunensis, C. endophytum, C. excelsum-altitudum, C. guizhouensis and C. ochracea[24]; C. asianum, C. fructicola and C. siamense[26]; C. cliviae, C. hippeastri and C. hymenocallidis[27]; C. corchorum-capsularis[28]; and C. endophytica[29]
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