Abstract
Grammatus labyrinthinus gen. et sp. nov. is proposed based on DNA sequences data and morphological characteristics. It is known so far from southern, tropical China. The new species is characterised by an annual, resupinate basidiocarp with a shallow, subporoid hymenophore, a hymenium restricted to the bottom of the tubes, a dimitic hyphal system, presence of encrusted skeletocystidia and dendrohyphidia, longitudinally septate basidia and smooth, oblong-ellipsoid to cylindrical, acyanophilous basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS + nLSU DNA sequences data indicate that G. labyrinthinus belongs to Auriculariaceae in which it has an isolated position. Phylogenetic inferences show G. labyrinthinus to be related to Heteroradulum. However, the ITS sequences similarity between G. labyrinthinus and H. kmetii, the type species of Heteroradulum, were 89.84% and support the establishment of the new genus. Inversely, Heteroradulum semis clustered with G. labyrinthinus with strong support and it is transferred to Grammatus.
Highlights
Auriculariales was established by Schroeter (1889) and originally accommodated species which, with transversely septate basidia, is known as auricularioid basidia
Anatomically, the longitudinally septate basidia of Grammatus labyrinthinus point toward affinities with Auriculariales, which is confirmed by molecular data
Heteroradulum kmetii, type of the genus, has perennial, effused-reflexed and pinkish or reddish basidiocarps with hymenial surface first smooth with irregularly arranged, sharpened outgrowths (Malysheva and Spirin 2017), in which feature, it differs from G. labyrinthinus
Summary
Auriculariales was established by Schroeter (1889) and originally accommodated species which, with transversely septate basidia, is known as auricularioid basidia. One family, Auriculariaceae is accepted and 198 species are distributed into 32 genera of Auriculariales (Kirk et al 2008). According to the Dictionary of the fungi (10th edition), the family includes 7 genera: Auricularia Bull., Eichleriella Bres., Elmerina Bres., Exidia Fr., Exidiopsis (Bref.) Möller, Fibulosebacea K. The latest study of Auriculariales using ITS + nLSU DNA sequences data introduced or revalidated several new genera, viz. Amphistereum Spirin & V. Heteroradulum Lloyd and allowed the inclusion of Exidia glandulosa (Bull.) Fr., Hirneolina hirneoloides (Pat.) Pat., Tremellochaete japonica (Lloyd) Raitviir in Auriculariaceae (Malysheva and Spirin 2017)
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