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Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is an important tropical disease that affects over a billion people in more than 80 countries and approximately 40 million people are currently suffering from severe disfigurement and disability. A diagnostic tool is the principal impact factor to determine the infection status of lymphatic filariasis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate nucleic acid of Wuchereria bancrofti as well as antifilarial IgG4 in a Myanmar immigrant community living along the Moei River, a natural border between Mae Sot, Tak province Thailand and Myawaddy, Myanmar which is an endemic area of bancroftian filariasis. Blood was collected from 300 Myanmar immigrants in Mae Sot district, Tak Province. The nucleic acid of W. bancrofti was assessed in the study population using our recent published miniPCR-Duplex Lateral Flow dipstick (DLFD) platform as well as the standard PCR technique. The antifilarial IgG4 was detected in the study population using the developed ELISA which used BmSxp protein as antigen. The miniPCR-DLFD method delivered results comparable to the standard PCR technique and it enables convenient and rapid visual detection of the parasite nucleic acid. Furthermore, the ELISA using BmSxp antigen demonstrated a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 98.1%, 98.9%, 96.3%, and 99.4% respectively. The W. bancrofti nucleic acid and antifilarial IgG4 were detected in 1.6% (5/300), and 2% (6/300) of the study population, accordingly. The results of this study also revealed important epidemiological data about LF on the Thai–Myanmar border.
Highlights
Introduction iationsLymphatic filariasis (LF) is an important tropical disease that is caused by three main species of filarial worms (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and B. timori) that inhabit the lymph system [1]
Filariasis moves towards achievement of thisProgram goal, the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis and (GPELF)
Is asensitive major reason the these disease levels, there is anof increasing need toThis more and suggesting specific diagnostic use ofcapable more than one assay for surveillance monitoring in endemic especially using a assays of detecting low levels of parasites
Summary
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is an important tropical disease that is caused by three main species of filarial worms (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and B. timori) that inhabit the lymph system [1]. The Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF). The program recommended that all countries and at-risk communities in endemic areas receive mass drug administration (MDA) to eliminate microfilariae and interrupt transmission by mosquitoes [2]. Before the GPELF, over a billion people in more than 80 countries were at risk of contracting LF, over 120 million people have already been affected by the disease, and approximately 40 million people are currently suffering from severe disfigurement and disability [3,4]. LF has historically been endemic only in some parts of Thailand, and both brugian and bancroftian filariasis were identified [5].
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