MOFs-Based Systems for Anti-Biofouling Applications

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are extremely ordered crystalline structured and ultra-porous hybrid materials. Their network structures consist of metal ion/clusters coordinated to organic binding ligands in units, with highly extending repeated coordination entities. As supramolecules, MOFs are capable of vast dimensions of physiochemical properties with tunable particle sizes, geometries, and connectivity. Their ease of functionalization makes them unique candidates for many applications in various domains. In the past decade, nanotechnology has provided the needed scientific platforms for designing new MOF systems to curb antibiotic overuse and dependency. From their enormous potentials and usage in combatting bacterial biofilm formation, infections, and fouling, the advent of MOFs has been an emerging tool in this success story. For the interest of this discussion, focus will be centered on the use of MOFs and MOFs-based nanocomposite systems for anti-biofouling applications within selected domains. The model biofouling organisms selected for discussion are bacteria and other marine organisms capable for surface adhesion with distinct surface-binding mechanisms. This chapter also features recent developments on antibiofouling MOF materials in coating systems with protective capacities and potentials against surface adhesion by marine organisms. Beyond enlisted examples, this chapter also outlines recent advances in MOF-based surface modifications with accompanying antibiofouling mechanisms.