Abstract
Mesoporous K-ZrO2 (KZ) was synthesized from KNO3-loaded UiO-66 with two-step heat treatment, showing enhanced catalytic performance in conversion of substrates with large molecular sizes.
Highlights
Acid and base catalysis are very promising for industrial catalytic processes.[1,2,3] Base catalyzed reactions, such as double bond isomerization, Aldol addition and the Tishchenko reaction, play an important role in production of value-added ne chemicals.[4,5] In industrial practice, the amount of base is nearly stoichiometric, the neutralization of the reaction medium normally produces large amounts of chemical waste
For a typical synthesis procedure for porous KZ, different concentration of KNO3 aqueous solutions were injected into heptane-immersed UiO-66 with a double-solvent method, KNO3 was pumped into inner pores of UiO-66 with the driving force of hydrophilic–hydrophilic interactions.[15]
It is a remarkable fact that 400 C is chosen as the temperature to decompose carbon residue, and this temperature is determined on the base of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curve of carbon hybrid KZ composite (Fig. S1†)
Summary
Acid and base catalysis are very promising for industrial catalytic processes.[1,2,3] Base catalyzed reactions, such as double bond isomerization, Aldol addition and the Tishchenko reaction, play an important role in production of value-added ne chemicals.[4,5] In industrial practice, the amount of base is nearly stoichiometric, the neutralization of the reaction medium normally produces large amounts of chemical waste. The resultant mesoporous K-ZrO2 catalysts with high surface area show excellent catalytic performance in Knoevenagel condensations, especially for substrates with large molecular size.
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