Abstract
With an increasing demand for green and environmentally friendly products, configuring a customized product from modular product design to satisfy both individualized customer requirements and environment restrictions has become a vital task for mass customization. In this paper, we addressed a module-based product configuration problem under carbon emission regulation, i.e., carbon cap-and-trade schema. The configuration problem under carbon cap-and-trade schema was formulated as a mixed-integer programming problem. Due to the NP-hard characteristics of the model, a genetic algorithm was employed to solve the configuration problems under carbon cap-and-trade. Experiments were carried out to analyze the effects of carbon emissions on product configuration decisions and carbon purchasing decisions. As a result, the range for carbon emission cap is suggested for both manufacturers and government agency, which provides the decision supporting for both customized and low-carbon production and green manufacturing.
Highlights
Product configuration is a means to implement customized products for customers by selecting modules combination from candidate modules, which is regarded as an enabling technology for mass customization [1]
CoTnoclduesaiolnws ith the product configuration problem under the cap-and-trade regulation, a mixedT-ointdeegaelr pwriothgrathmempinrgodmucotdeclonisfigburilattiwonithprthoebleombjecutnivdeerofthmeinciampi-zainndg-ttroatdael croengfuiglautriaotnio, na cmositxse,d-siunbtejegcetr tporotghreamcmaribnognmeomdeislsiosnburieltguwlaitthionth. e Foobrjecdtifvfereonf tmcianrimboinzinagllotowtaalnceosn,figouprtaimtioanl ccoonsftisg,ursautbiojenctrestoulttshaerecoabrbtaoinedemanisdsicoonnfirgeugrualtaitoionnc.osFtsorarediffufertrheenrt acnaarlbyozend.aTllhoewraenscuelsts, inodpitcimatael that a stringent carbon cap will lead to an increase in both total configuration cost and carbon
To deal with the product configuration problem under the cap-and-trade regulation, a mixed-integer programming model is built with the objective of minimizing total configuration costs, subject to the carbon emission regulation
Summary
Product configuration is a means to implement customized products for customers by selecting modules combination from candidate modules, which is regarded as an enabling technology for mass customization [1]. The methods for measuring the GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions or carbon footprints of products during the manufacturing stage were investigated [16,17,19] Environmental impacts such as the reduction of CO2 emissions are frequently addressed in remanufacturing [20,21], sustainable product design [22], product recycling and circularity [23,24]. Their study on product configuration only considered environmental impacts as an optimization objective to reduce carbon emissions. To meet the pre-determined carbon allowances, i.e., carbon cap, companies can either reduce their carbon emissions or buy extra carbon permits to increase their allowances via carbon trading markets It is imperative for the manufacturers with mass customization paradigm to investigate the effects of carbon regulations on product configuration results.
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