Abstract
The effect of the dietary flavonoid quercetin was investigated on proliferation and differentiation of the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2. Confluent Caco-2 monolayers exposed to quercetin showed a biphasic effect on cell proliferation and a decrease in cell differentiation (0.001< P<0.05). During differentiation Caco-2 cells formed 5 phase II metabolites, of which the amount of 4′- O-methyl-quercetin-3′- O-glucuronide correlated with the differentiation grade ( r=0.99, P<0.003). The increment of cell proliferation at low quercetin concentrations and the decrease in cell differentiation are effects opposite to what would be expected for a functional food ingredient with anti-carcinogenic potential.
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