Abstract
During the past, a more comprehensive knowledge of mechanisms implicated in bone resorption processes has driven researchers to develop a compound library of many small molecules that specifically interfere with the genesis of osteoclast precursors cells. Natural compounds that suppress osteoclast commitment may have therapeutic value in treating pathologies associated with bone resorption like osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone metastasis, and periodontal disease. The present review is focused on the current knowledge on the polyphenols derived from plants that could be efficacious in suppressing osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.
Highlights
Bone Cells and Cell Guest OutsiderThe strength and integrity of the human skeleton depends on a delicate balance between bone resorption and formation
Cells responsible for bone resorption include [1] bone-forming osteoblast, a cell that produces the organic bone extracellular matrix; [2] the bone resorbing osteoclast that dissolves bone mineral and enzymatically degrades extracellular matrix and inorganic components [5]; [3] osteocyte, the maturative phase of osteoblast that acts as a mechanosensor and like an endocrine cell [6]; [4] the bone lining cell, that probably may have a role in coupling bone resorption to bone formation [7]
Osteoporosis appears to be related with an impairment of bone mass through the reduction of osteogenesis and an enhancement of osteoclastic bone resorption, which results in bone fractures [10]
Summary
The strength and integrity of the human skeleton depends on a delicate balance between bone resorption and formation. Bone remodeling allows to adapt bone tissue to mechanical forces and to maintain phosphocalcic homeostasis through coordinated steps of formation and resorption [1, 2]. This equilibrium is close controlled by physical parameters (i.e., mechanical stimulations) and several polypeptides (hormones, cytokines) [3, 4]. Bone remodeling cycle maintains the integrity of the skeleton through the balanced action of its cell types. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts (and their precursors) are the central players of bone remodeling and each factor that affects these cells, in the end, affects all the process. RANkL/RANK signaling axes regulates osteoclast recruitment and sustenance in normal bone modeling and remodeling and is adversely regulated by osteoprotegerin (OPG) [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
