Modulations of chiral order parameters in mesoscopic p-wave superconducting square systems

Abstract

The modulations of order parameters in mesoscopic chiral p-wave superconducting square systems are investigated by numerically solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently. For a perfect square, a chiral domain wall tends to emerge along the horizontal direction of the sample center, while the suppression of magnitude for orders is presented in different diagonal directions for a square loop with a centered square hole. When a single non-magnetic impurity is involved into the loop system, the gap parameter is strongly modified with tuning flux for finite impurity strength. Particularly, an impurity-induced intermediate state with asymmetric feature of the order-parameter distributions shows up stably. Due to the appearance of energy jumps at the points of phase transitions, pronounced sawtooth-like patterns of the currents are induced, which are highly sensitive to the located impurity site.