Abstract
African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) has tropism for macrophages, which seems to play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis and viral dissemination. Previous studies showed that ASFV developed mechanisms to evade type I interferon (IFN) responses. Hence, we analyzed the ability of ASFV strains of diverse virulence to modulate IFN-β and IFN-α responses. Porcine monocyte-derived macrophages un-activated (moMΦ) or activated with IFN-α (moMΦ + FN-α) were infected with virulent (22653/14) or attenuated (NH/P68) ASFV strains, and expressions of IFN-β and of 17 IFN-α subtypes genes were monitored over time. ASFV strains of diverse virulence induced different panels of IFN genes: infection of moMΦ with either strains caused statistically significant up-regulation of IFN-α3, -α7/11, whereas only attenuated NH/P68 determined statistically significant up-regulation of IFN-α10, -α12, -α13, -α15, -α17, and IFN-β. Infection of activated moMΦ with either strains resulted in up-regulation of IFN-β and many IFN-α subtypes, but statistical significance was found only for IFN-α1, -α10, -α15, -α16, -α17 in response to NH/P68-infection only. These data revealed differences in type I IFNs expression patterns, with differences between strains of diverse virulence. In addition, virulent 22653/14 ASFV seems to have developed mechanisms to suppress the induction of several type I IFN genes.
Highlights
African Swine Fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of African Swine Fever, a contagious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar; currently, it is present in many sub-Saharan African countries, Russian Federation, Trans-Caucasus, Eastern and Central Europe, and South East Asia [1,2]
MoMΦ were infected with either attenuated NH/P68 or virulent 22653/14 ASFV strains using multiplicity of infection (MOI) 1; in our previous work, intracellular levels of late viral proteins p72 and virus infectious particles in culture supernatants were determined at 21 h pi [13]
We observed that using this MOI 40–60% of ASFV-infected moMΦ presented late ASFV protein p72 intracellularly at 21 h pi [13]
Summary
African Swine Fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of African Swine Fever, a contagious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar; currently, it is present in many sub-Saharan African countries, Russian Federation, Trans-Caucasus, Eastern and Central Europe, and South East Asia [1,2]. The diffusion of this disease poses a threat to the swine industry worldwide, due to the lack of licensed vaccines or available treatments.
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