Abstract
Auditory alarms are used to direct people’s attention to critical events in complicated environments. The capacity for identifying the auditory alarms in order to take the right action in our daily life is critical. In this work, we investigate how auditory alarms affect the neural networks of human inhibition. We used a famous stop-signal or go/no-go task to measure the effect of visual stimuli and auditory alarms on the human brain. In this experiment, go-trials used visual stimulation, via a square or circle symbol, and stop trials used auditory stimulation, via an auditory alarm. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals from twelve subjects were acquired and analyzed using an advanced EEG dipole source localization method via independent component analysis (ICA) and EEG-coherence analysis. Behaviorally, the visual stimulus elicited a significantly higher accuracy rate (96.35%) than the auditory stimulus (57.07%) during inhibitory control. EEG theta and beta band power increases in the right middle frontal gyrus (rMFG) were associated with human inhibitory control. In addition, delta, theta, alpha, and beta band increases in the right cingulate gyrus (rCG) and delta band increases in both right superior temporal gyrus (rSTG) and left superior temporal gyrus (lSTG) were associated with the network changes induced by auditory alarms. We further observed that theta-alpha and beta bands between lSTG-rMFG and lSTG-rSTG pathways had higher connectivity magnitudes in the brain network when performing the visual tasks changed to receiving the auditory alarms. These findings could be useful for further understanding the human brain in realistic environments.
Highlights
In daily activities, people generally receive visual stimuli in their surroundings, such as in driving, typing, and sports, in some emergency situations, people can receive auditory alarms, like an ambulance siren, a fire truck siren, or a gunshot
The ANOVA test shows a significant difference in right-hand response (RHR) between reaction time (RT)
We investigated the novel brain network pathways between five activated brain regions that included: left superior temporal gyrus (lSTG), right superior temporal gyrus (rSTG), right cingulate gyrus (rCG), right middle frontal gyrus (rMFG), and right-parietal lobe (rPL), under the effects of visual stimuli and auditory alarms
Summary
People generally receive visual stimuli in their surroundings, such as in driving, typing, and sports, in some emergency situations, people can receive auditory alarms, like an ambulance siren, a fire truck siren, or a gunshot. In these real situations, people must make a decision to control their response. Our study investigates how auditory alarms affect the neural networks of human inhibitory control in real situations. The present work used a stop signal task with visual stimuli and auditory alarms. The importance of auditory alarms in the
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