Abstract
The modulation of the scattering cross-section as a function of position on a long gravity wave is calculated from experimental data. The phase position of the signal on the long wave is determined from spectral analysis of the wave-height time series. Samples of return power from the same phase position are averaged together to reduce the effects of phase-interference (Rayleigh) fading. The resulting modulation curves suggest that hydrodynamic and aerodynamic effects are responsible for the radar cross-section modulation. Sea spikes are most common on the front face of the wave, suggesting they are associated with wave breaking.
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