Abstract
Abstract During in vitro propagation, cytokinins (CKs) and auxins (AUXs), such as 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), are often used to induce adventitious shoots and roots, respectively. However, it is not clear how CKs affect plants over a long period of in vitro propagation as well as the synergy of direct exposure to AUX with previous CK treatments. The aim was to assess the physiological and anatomical responses of Alcantarea imperialis in function of the interaction of both previous BAP treatments and direct NAA exposure during in vitro propagation. Plants previously grown in vitro were transferred to media containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 μM BAP. After 60 days, the adventitious shoots from each previous BAP treatment were subcultured in media with 0, 2 or 4 μM NAA. Pigment content, anatomical and growth traits were assessed in the plants from each treatment. Both previous BAP treatments and direct NAA exposure altered the anatomy and pigment contents of plants as well as their growth traits. BAP induced negative effects over the long term on physiological status as well as changed the plants’ anatomy. NAA supplementation in the medium can partially reverse the negative effects induced by BAP. The application of 2 μM NAA during in vitro rooting improved the plants’ quality.
Highlights
Techniques of in vitro culture allow the large-scale multiplication of several plant species, including bromeliads (Martins et al, 2018a, b; Rosa et al, 2018)
The rooting responses were modulated by the naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentrations and the previous BAP treatments
These conventional in vitro environmental conditions may have induced some alterations of hormonal balance of A. imperialis, leading to formation of adventitious shoots in plants cultured in medium with free exogenous CK
Summary
Techniques of in vitro culture allow the large-scale multiplication of several plant species, including bromeliads (Martins et al, 2018a, b; Rosa et al, 2018). In vitro propagation can be an important method for large-scale propagation of this bromeliad species. The in vitro culture of bromeliads normally is divided into steps, such as establishment, multiplication, rooting and acclimatization phases. CKs are frequently employed during in vitro multiplication and are an important group of PGRs that can modulate several biotechnological processes due to their ability to influence almost all stages of plant development and growth (Bekircan et al, 2018). To induce adventitious shoots in vitro of bromeliad species, the use of BAP has already been documented as the most efficient (Viehmannova et al, 2016; Rosa et al, 2018)
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