Modulation of Protein Kinase CK2 Activity by Fragments of CFTR Encompassing F508 May Reflect Functional Links with Cystic Fibrosis Pathogenesis

Abstract

Deletion of F508 in the first nucleotide binding domain (NBD1) of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) is the commonest cause of cystic fibrosis (CF). Functional interactions between CFTR and CK2, a highly pleiotropic protein kinase, have been recently described which are perturbed by the F508 deletion. Here we show that both NBD1 wild type and NBD1 ΔF508 are phosphorylated in vitro by CK2 catalytic α-subunit but not by CK2 holoenzyme unless polylysine is added. MS analysis reveals that, in both NBD1 wild type and ΔF508, the phosphorylated residues are S422 and S670, while phosphorylation of S511 could not be detected. Accordingly, peptides encompassing the 500−518 sequence of CFTR are not phosphorylated by CK2; rather they inhibit CK2α catalytic activity in a manner which is not competitive with respect to the specific CK2 peptide substrate. In contrast, 500−518 peptides promote the phosphorylation of NBD1 by CK2 holoenzyme overcoming inhibition by the β-subunit. Such a stimulatory efficacy of the CFTR 500−518 peptide is dramatically enhanced by deletion of F508 and is abolished by deletion of the II507 doublet. Kinetics of NBD1 phosphorylation by CK2 holoenzyme, but not by CK2α, display a sigmoid shape denoting a positive cooperativity which is dramatically enhanced by the addition of the ΔF508 CFTR peptide. SPR analysis shows that NBD1 ΔF508 interacts more tightly than NBD1 wt with the α-subunit of CK2 and that CFTR peptides which are able to trigger NBD1 phosphorylation by CK2 holoenzyme also perturb the interaction between the α- and the β-subunits of CK2.