Modulation of Prostacyclin and Thromboxane Secretion by Cytotrophoblasts from Normal and Pre-eclamptic Human Pregnancies

Abstract

We and others have previously observed an imbalance in cytotrophoblast secretion of the vasoactive prostanoids prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 in pre-eclampsia. To examine the effects of potential modulators of this imbalance, cytotrophoblasts isolated from normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies were incubated in the presence of lipopolysaccharide, the calcium ionophore A23187, tumour necrosis factor α, or interleukin 1β, with or without the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin. Further incubations included the drugs tranylcypromine, a prostacyclin synthetase inhibitor (0.1, 10μm ), or the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, pirmagrel (0.001, 1μm ). Results showed that cytotrophoblasts from pre-eclamptic pregnancies had increased thromboxane production and significant stimulation of prostacyclin production by lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore. Lipopolysaccharide stimulated thromboxane production in normal cytotrophoblasts, while indomethacin almost completely inhibited production of both prostanoids. Tranylcypromine mildly inhibited prostacyclin production in normal cytotrophoblasts only, whereas pirmagrel strongly inhibited thromboxane production in a dose-related manner, with reciprocal increase in prostacyclin production occurring in cytotrophoblasts from pre-eclamptic pregnancies. This study confirmed that cytotrophoblasts from pre-eclamptic women had increased thromboxane production and showed that pirmagrel, at the relatively low dose of 0.001μm , was able to normalize the imbalance of thromboxane and prostacylin production and may therefore warrant further investigation as a treatment for pre-eclampsia.